Chapter 3 prenatal Flashcards
Germinal stage
The period of development between conception and the
implantation of the embryo
Blastocyst
A stage within the germinal period of prenatal
development in which the zygote has the form of a sphere of cells surrounding a cavity of fluid
Embryonic disk
Ectoderm (outer layer) develops into nervous system, sensory organs, nails, hair, teeth, and outer layer of sin. Endoderm (inner layer) forms the digestive and respiratory systems, liver, and pancreas.Mesoderm (middle layer) develops into the excretory, reproductive and circulatory system, muscles, skeleton, and inner layer of skin.
Trophoblast
The outer part of the blastocyst from which the amniotic sac, placenta and umbilical cord develop
Embryonic Stage
5-10 weeks stage. Major organs develop using two different developmental patterns. First is Cephalocaudal which occurs from your head to toes. The second is proximodistal which occurs from the center of your body(i.e. Heart and lungs develop first) to out.
Fetal Stage
The end of the trimester major organ system formed, fingers and toes formed,eyes can be distinguished, sex of the fetus can be determined visually.
Umbilical Cord
A flexible cordlike structure containing blood vessels attaching a human or other mammalian fetus to placenta during gestation
Placenta
A disc of tissue that connects the mother’s uterus to the umbilical cord. Responsible for delivering nutrients and oxygen to the fetus
Cephalocaudal
head takes precedence over lower parts of the body
Proximodistal
The center of your body out. All organs in the center develop first. (heart,lungs)
Ectoderm
the outermost layer of cells or tissues of an embryo in early development, or the parts derived from this, which include the epidermis and nerve tissue
Neural Tube
develops into brain/ spinal cord
Mesoderm
middle layer develops into the excretory, reproductive and circulatory system muscles, skeleton, and inner layers of skin
Endoderm
The inner layer of the embryo from which the lungs and digestive system develop.
Androgens
Male sex hormones
Testosterone
A steroid hormone in males
Amniotic Sac
fluid filled sac that contains and protects the fetus in the womb
Amniotic Fluid
the fluid surrounding a fetus within an amnion
Stillbirth
A fetus that is born already dead, having died before or during the delivery
Fetal Stage
One of the stages that occurs during pregnancy. Begins at the third month and lasts until birth
Teratogens
Any substance a pregnant women consumes that may cause harm to the fetus
Critical Period
a period during someone’s development in which a particular skill or characteristic is believed to be most readily acquired
Congenital
An often-inherited medical condition that occurs at or before birth
HIV/AIDS
Disables the body’s immune system(human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
Rubella
Viral infection may cause birth defects (German Measles)
Pre-eclampsia
A life-threatening disease and is characterized by high blood pressure. It can afflict women who are late in the second or early in the third trimester and can result in premature babies. It’s also the cause for pregnancy-related maternal deaths.
Premature
Occurring or done before the usual or proper time…too early
Thalidomide
A prescribed drug linked to birth defects, especially deformed or absent limbs. It was marketed as a treatment for insomnia and nausea and can treat disorders, it’s for people who are not pregnant.
Progestin
hormone that helps you maintain your pregnancy
DES
Abbreviation for diethylstilbestrol, an estrogen that was given to many women in the 1940s-1950s to help prevent miscarriages, and has been linked to cancer in the reproductive organs of children of women who used it when pregnant
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome FAS
A condition that results in the child’s mental and physical defects due to mother’s alcohol consumption during the pregnancy. (Basically bigger effect then fae)
Fetal Alcohol Effect FAE
A cluster of symptoms, less severe than those of fetal alcohol syndrome, shown by children of women who drank moderately during pregnancy.
