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Esthetics > Chapter 3 Physiology and Histology of the Skin > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Physiology and Histology of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Why is UVB radiation also known as burning rays?

A

UVB wavelengths cause cancer as well as burning of the skin

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2
Q

What is not an element of the skin’s acid mantle?

A

Blood

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3
Q

What causes injured skin to restore itself to its normal thickness?

A

Hyperproduction of cells

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4
Q

Histology is also known as _________.

A

Microscopic anatomy

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5
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of healthy skin?

A

Slightly rough

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6
Q

What are most abundant in the fingertips, as opposed to other parts of the body?

A

Sensory nerve fibers

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7
Q

What is the average internal temp of the body in degrees Fahrenheit?

A

98.6

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8
Q

Why does the body perspire?

A

To protect us from overheating

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9
Q

What are follicles?

A

Tubelike openings in the epidermis

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10
Q

What is glycation?

A

The binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule.

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11
Q

What are hair papillae?

A

Cone-shaped elevations at the base of the follicle

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12
Q

Where in the body is hyaluronic acid found?

A

Skin

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13
Q

What is hydrolipidic film?

A

Oil-water balance that protects the skin’s surface

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14
Q

What is the acid mantle?

A

Protective layer of lipids and secretions on the skin’s surface

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15
Q

Where in the body are the coiled structures known as apocrine glands found?

A

Underarm and genital areas

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16
Q

What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscle?

A

Goosebumps

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17
Q

What are ceramides?

A

Glycolipid materials

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18
Q

What is collagen?

A

Fibrous tissue made from protein

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19
Q

What are corneocytes?

A

Hardened keratinocytes

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20
Q

What are membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis?

A

Dermal papillae

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21
Q

How fast does hair grow?

A

Six inches per year

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22
Q

What is oil that provides protection for the epidermis from external factors and that lubricates both the skin and hair?

A

Sebum

23
Q

What is the formal name for the horny layer?

A

Stratum corneum

24
Q

What is the technical term for the nail?

A

Onyx

25
Q

What is true of the stratum corneum?

A

It is the outermost layer of the skin

26
Q

What happens in the stratum germinativum?

A

Cells divide

27
Q

What happens in the stratum granulosum?

A

Keratin is produced

28
Q

What part of the skin provides a protective cushion and energy storage for the body?

A

Subcutaneous layer

29
Q

What are the glands that excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body?

A

Sudoriferous

30
Q

What is telangiectasia?

A

Aging

31
Q

What causes transepidermal water loss?

A

Evaporation

32
Q

What is the dermis?

A

Support layer below the epidermis

33
Q

Which nerves react to heat, cold, pain, pressure, and touch?

A

Sensory

34
Q

What protein fiber is found in the dermis and gives skin its flexibility and firmness?

A

Elastin

35
Q

What hormone stimulates cells to reproduce and heal?

A

Epidermal growth factor (EGF)

36
Q

What is true of the epidermis?

A

It is the outermost layer of the skin

37
Q

What comprises about 50 to 70 percent of the skin?

A

Water

38
Q

What causes the body to produce its own vitamin D?

A

Exposure to the sun

39
Q

What is not one of the six primary functions of the skin?

A

Reflection

40
Q

When do free radicals produce more free radicals?

A

While causing oxidation reactions

41
Q

What function do the sudoriferous glands perform?

A

Excrete perspiration. regulate body temp, and detoxify the body

42
Q

Eccrine glands are ________.

A

Sweat glands

43
Q

___________ are basic material and building blocks of the body’s tissues.

A

Proteins

44
Q

What are sweat glands that are found all over the body with openings on the skin’s surface through pores and that are not attached to hair follicles?

A

Eccrine

45
Q

What function do sebaceous glands perform?

A

Protect the surface of the skin

46
Q

Estheticians who specialize in the health and beauty of skin are sometimes referred to as

A

Technicians

47
Q

Estheticians should be able to interpret the effects of these factors that influences skin heath and appearance?

A

Hormones, nutrition, and ultraviolet damage

48
Q

What is an esthetician’s primary focus?

A

Preserve the skin, protect the skin, and nourish the skin

49
Q

What does scar tissue lack?

A

Hair and sweat glands

50
Q

What percentage of hard B-keratin does hair contain?

A

90 percent

51
Q

How is B-keratin different from A-keratin?

A

It has lower moisture and fat than A-keratin.

52
Q

If a person has a purple or bluish tone under their fingertips, then they most likely have this condition

A

Telangiectasia

53
Q

Which nerves convey impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the muscles or glands?

A

Sensory

Esthetics (14 decks)

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