Chapter 3 Physical Evidence

Question 1

What has as its purpose the determination
of the physical or chemical identity of a substance
with as near absolute certainty as existing
analytical techniques will permit.

Answer 1

Identification

Question 2

What subjects a suspect
specimen and a standard/reference specimen to the
same tests and examinations for the ultimate
purpose of determining whether or not they have a
common origin.

Answer 2

comparison analysis

Question 3

Evidence that can be associated to a
common source with an extremely high
degree of probability is said to possess ________.

Answer 3

Individual Characteristics

Question 4

Evidence associated only with a group is

said to have ______.

Answer 4

Class Characteristics

Question 5

a national fingerprint and criminal history system

maintained by the FBI.

Answer 5

The Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System

(IAFIS),

Question 6

enables federal, state,
and local crime laboratories to electronically exchange and compare
DNA profiles.

Answer 6

The Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)

Question 7

allows firearm analysts to acquire, digitize, and compare markings
made by a firearm on bullets and cartridge casings.

Answer 7

The National Integrated Ballistics Information Network (NIBIN)

Question 8

database contains chemical and color information pertaining to
original automotive paints.

Answer 8

The International Forensic Automotive Paint Data Query (PDQ)

Question 9

is a shoeprint

database.

Answer 9

SICAR (shoeprint image capture and retrieval)

Question 10

What field involves the investigation of sudden,

unnatural, unexplained, or violent deaths?

Answer 10

Forensic Pathology

Question 11

What is the primary role of the medical examiner?

Answer 11

Determine the cause of death

Question 12

What is does when a cause of death cannot be found through observation?

Answer 12

Autopsy

Question 13

What are the several stages of death that the human body experiences afterwards?

Answer 13

Rigor mortis, livor mortis, and algo mortis

Question 14

What is the results in the shortening of muscle tissue and
the stiffening of body parts in the position at death (occurs
within the first 24 hours and disappears within 36 hours)?

Answer 14

Rigor mortis

Question 15

What is the results in the settling of blood in areas of the body closest to the ground (begins immediately on death
and continues up to 12 hours)?

Answer 15

Livor mortis

Question 16

What is the results in the loss of heat by a body (a
general rule, beginning about an hour after death, the body loses heat by 1 to 1-1/2 degrees Fahrenheit per hour
until the body reaches the environmental temperature)?

Answer 16

Algor mortis

Question 17

What field is concerned primarily with the

identification and examination of human skeletal remains?

Answer 17

Forensic anthropology

Question 18

What field is the study of insects and their relation to a criminal investigation?

Answer 18

Forensic Entymology