chapter 3 Organizational Commitment

Question 1

what is organizational commitment?

Answer 1

the desire of an individual to remain a member of the organization
- its an attitude

Question 2

what are the 3 components of attitude?

Answer 2

cognitive > evaluation
affective > feeling
behavioral > intentions

Question 3

ATTITUDE ————–> BEHAVIOR

Answer 3

• we generally act in accordance with our attitudes
• cognitive dissonance : incompatibility : creates discomfort
• generally does not mean always

Question 4

what are the 3 types of commitment?

Answer 4

Affective
- emotional attachment
- “i want to stay”
Normative
- obligation attachment
- “ i ought to stay”
Continuance
- cost / benefit attachment
- “ i need to stay”

Question 5

what is affective commitment based on?

Answer 5

• the degree that a person internalizes the organizational values and goals
• feels that a membership affects one’s own self-concept
• form an emotional bond influenced by network ties

positively correlated with citizenship behavior

EROSION MODEL = weak ties
SOCIAL INFLUENCE MODEL = network centraility

Question 6

what is the continuance commitment based on?

Answer 6

• cost/benefit, not just economic analysis of staying vs. leaving
  >degree of investment ( time, energy, effort) related to work and non-work
  factors
  >perception of available alternatives
• not correlated with job performance ( task, citizenship, deviance)

Question 7

what is the normative commitment based on?

Answer 7

• the degree that a person feels that staying is the right thing or moral thing to do
• feels indebted to the organization
  influenced by levels of training and development, volunteer opportunities, philanthropic initiatives

positively related to job performance and citizenship behavior
(weaker than affective commitment)

Question 8

how do employees react to negative workplace events?

Answer 8

voice > active constructive +
loyalty > passive constructive +
exit > active destructive -
neglect > passive destructive -

Question 9

withdrawal behavior model - progression model

Answer 9

mental escape bodily escape
psychological withdrawal physical withdrawal
NEGLECT EXIT

-daydream -looking busy -tardiness -quitting -absenteeism
-socializing -cyberloafing -missing meetings -long breaks
- moonlighting

Question 10

what is foster commitment in employees?

Answer 10

affective - social bonding - rewarding work
continuance - compensation - opportunity
normative - training -development

Question 11

how to increase employee commitment?

Answer 11

-pay
-working conditions
-job security
-fairness

positive correlation with affective commitment
negative correlation with psychological withdrawal and physical withdrawal