Chapter 3: Movement into and out of cells Flashcards
What happens to particles at higher temperatures?
They have more kinetic energy, so they move faster
Diffusion
The random movement of particles, with net movement from high concentration to low.
How is diffusion used in living organisms? give an example
Living organisms can obtain substances they need and get rid of unwanted waste through diffusion.
Respiration in animals and plants is an example.
In organisms, the solvent is always:
Water
higher temps = _____ diffusion
faster
Increased surface area = _______ diffusion
faster
How is the concentration of substances in the body different inside and outside the cell?
The water outside of our cells acts as a solvent for different substances, diluting it and making it far less concentrated than the substance inside our cells.
more sugar molecules = ______ water molecules
Less sugar molecules = ____ water molecules
less
more
compound:
a substance made up of two or more different chemical elements combined in a fixed ratio
How does osmosis happen with the partially permeable membrane?
Because there is more water molecules in the HIGH concentration side, they will eventually pass through the membrane to get to an area of LOW concentration, causing a net movement of water from high -> low
Water molecules but NOT solute molecules can pass through.
high water potential:
an area where there are a lot of water molecules - a dilute solution
low water potential:
an area where there are not many water molecules - a concentrated solution
if an animal cell is placed in pure water (dilute solution), water goes _______
into the cell, and the cell swells and bursts
A cell wall is ___ permeable and prevents the plant cell from ___
fully, bursting
turgid:
Turgor pressure:
-a plant cell that is tight and firm
-the pressure of the water pushing outwards on a plant cell wall
