Chapter 2: Cells

Question 1

Examples of single-celled organisims

Answer 1

Bacteria, yeast

Question 2

What organelles do plant cells contain that animal cells don’t?

Answer 2

Cell wall, large vacuole, and sometimes chloroplasts

Question 3

Function of the cell membrane:

Answer 3

Controls what enters and leaves the cell, partially permeable

Question 4

Function of the cell wall:

Answer 4

Allows all molecules and ions to pass through, fully permeable

Question 5

Function of ribosomes:

Answer 5

The site of protein synthesis in a cell

Question 6

Function of mitochondria:

Answer 6

Release energy from glucose and other nutrients, by aerobic respiration (energy is released from glucose). Powers the cell.

Question 7

Function of chloroplasts

Answer 7

the site of photosynthesis

Question 8

Magnification equation:

Answer 8

magnification = image/actual object

Question 9

Vacuole (plant and animal):

Answer 9

fluid filled space inside a cell that is surrounded by its own membrane;

Plant cells: large, permanent, contains sugars and cell sap. Helps keep the cells shape
Animal cells: much smaller vacuoles called vesicles

Question 10

chromosomes

Answer 10

a length of DNA, found in the nucleus. Contains genetic information.

Question 11

plasmids

Answer 11

smaller circles of DNA

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

provides instructions for creating proteins, contains genetic information in the form of genes

Question 13

How are organisms built up?

Answer 13

cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> organisms

Question 14

How many micrometers in 1 mm?

Answer 14

1 micrometer = 1 x 10^-6mm (.000001 mm)