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GENE 3200 Test 2 > Chapter 3 Mendelian Genetics > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Mendelian Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

An organism that is homozygous for all traits being studied

A

True-Breeding

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2
Q

An inherited factor (region of DNA) that helps determine a characteristic

A

Gene

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3
Q

One of two or more alternative forms of a locus

A

Allele

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4
Q

The specific place on a chromosome occupied by an allele

A

Locus

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5
Q

The set of alleles possessed by an individual organism

A

Genotype

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6
Q

An individual organism possessing two different alleles at a locus

A

Heterozygote

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7
Q

An individual organism possessing two of the same alleles at a locus

A

Homozygote

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8
Q

The appearance or manifestation of a characteristic

A

Phenotype/Trait

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9
Q

An attribute or feature possessed by an organism

A

Characteristic

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10
Q

A type of heterozygous individual that is heterozygous for one gene

A

Monohybrid

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11
Q

A type of heterozygous individual that is heterozygous for two genes

A

Dihybrid

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12
Q

A type of heterozygous individual that is heterozygous for three genes

A

Trihybrid

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13
Q

the mating of two members of the F1 generation or between animals that are heterozygous at the same locus

A

Intercross

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14
Q

Production of offspring from the fusion of male and female gametes from the same individual (many plants and some nematodes)

A

Selfing

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15
Q

A pair of crosses with the phenotypes of male and female parents reversed, can be used to test for or observe sex-linked inheritance

A

Reciprocal crosses

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16
Q

Crossing an F1 hybrid back to one of the parental genotypes

A

Backcross

17
Q

Crossing an individual with a dominant phenotype (uncertain genotype) to an individual that in homozygous recessive, can help determine the genotype of the uncertain genotype individual

A

Testcross

18
Q

The homozygous recessive individual used for a testcross

A

Tester

19
Q

The progeny of a testcross

A

Testcross Progeny

20
Q

Mendel’s law that states that the two alleles for each trait segregate equally during gamete formation (and there is random fusion of gametes from two different individuals), with a basis in the separation of homologs in meiosis I

A

Mendel’s 1st Law

21
Q

Mendel’s law that states that during gamete formation, different pairs of alleles segregate independently of each other, with a basis in the alternative arrangement of homologs during meiosis I

A

Mendel’s 2nd Law

22
Q

The probability of two independent events occurring together is the product of their individual probabilities

A

Product (Multiplication) Rule

23
Q

The probability of wither of two mutually exclusive events occurring is the sum of their individual probabilities

A

Sum (Addition) Rule

24
Q

Probability that involves questions asked after a cross has been made and some of the outcomes can be excluded

A

Conditional Probability

GENE 3200 Test 2 (4 decks)

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