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pharmacology > chapter 3 (Medication Admistration) > Flashcards

chapter 3 (Medication Admistration) Flashcards

1
Q

collection of patient data that affects drug therapy

A

assessment

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2
Q

oral tablet or capsule formulations that maintain consistent serum drug levels

A

controlled-release

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3
Q

form in which drugs are manufactured; includes elixirs, tablets, capsules, suppositories, parenteral drugs, and transdermal systems

A

dosage form

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4
Q

coating of a tablet or capsule that makes it insoluble in stomach

A

enteric-coated

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5
Q

determining a patient’s status in relation to stated goals and expected outcomes

A

evaluation

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6
Q

scientific evidence that yields the best practice in patient care

A

evidence-based practice

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7
Q

planned nursing activities performed on a patient’s behalf, including assessment, promotion of adherence to drug therapy, and solving problems related to drug therapy

A

interventions

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8
Q

list of perscription medications, over-the-counter medication, herbal supplements, or illegal substances taken by the patient (both current and past)

A

medication history

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9
Q

description of patient problems based on assessment data

A

nursing diagnosis

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10
Q

systematic way of gathering and using infrmation to plan provide individualized patient care

A

nursing process

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11
Q

injected administration; subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous route

A

parenteral

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12
Q

expected outcomes of prescribed drug therapy

A

planning/goals

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13
Q

assist to ensure accuracy in drug therapy; rights include right drug, right dose, right patient, right route, right time, right reason, and right documentation

A

right of medication administration

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14
Q

application of drugs (e.g. solutions, ointments, creams, or suppositories) to skin or mucous memebranes

A

topical

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15
Q

absorption of drugs (e.g., skin patches) through skin

A

transdermal

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16
Q

forms in which drugs are manufactured vary according to the drugs chemical characteristics reason and rute of adminsistration some in or moreform in clude liquid, tablits, capsules

A

Dosage forms

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17
Q

tablets and capsules that are coated with a substance that is insoluble in stomach acid

A

enteric-coated

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18
Q

five rights

A

the basic requirements for accurare drug adminitration require knowledge of the drugs to be given and the pt who r receive them as well as specific nursing skills and interventions

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19
Q

parenteral

A

route of drug administration, injected

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20
Q

controlled release oral tablets or capsules slowly absorbed medication effects prolongrd usually12-24 hours contain relatively large amountsof active drug.

A

sustained release

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21
Q

application of drug to skin or mucus membrane

A

topical

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22
Q

absorption of drug through the skin

A

transdermal

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23
Q

FIVE RIGHTS

A

Right medication,Right dose,Right client,Right routeRight timeSixth “right”: Right documentation

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24
Q

Follow “rights” consistently
Learn essential information about medications to be passed
Interpret prescriber’s orders accurately
Read medication labels carefully
Minimize abbreviation use to prevent errors

A

Accurate Drug Administration Principles

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25
Q

Calculate doses accurately
Measure doses accurately
Use correct procedures and techniques for all administration routes
Learn about client’s diagnoses and condition in relation to medication administration

A

Accurate Drug Administration Principles (cont.)

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26
Q

Verify identity of clients before administering medications
Omit/delay doses as indicated by client’s condition and document accordingly
Be especially careful when administering medication to children due to high risk of medication error

A

Accurate Drug Administration Principles (cont.)

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27
Q

Nurses’ legal responsibilities

A

Safe, accurate medication administration
Recognizing and questioning erroneous orders
Refusing to administer unsafe medications
Delegating in compliance with the law

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28
Q

Common medication errors include

A

Common medication errors include
Giving an incorrect dose
Not giving an ordered medication
Giving an unordered medication

29
Q

Medications often associated with errors includ

A

Insulin, heparin, warfarin

30
Q

Medication ,Systems vary by healthcare facility

A

Unit-dose system
Computerized, locked cabinets
Additional security for controlled substances

31
Q

Medication Orders inclued

A

Client’s full name
Name of the medication (brand, generic)
Dose, route, frequency of administration
Date, time, signature of prescriber

32
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

33
Q

IV

A

intravenous

34
Q

PO

A

by mouth, oral

35
Q

SL

A

sublingual

36
Q

SubQ

A

subcutaneous

37
Q

cc

A

cubic centimeter

38
Q

g

A

gram

39
Q

mg

A

milligram

40
Q

mcg

A

microgram

41
Q

mL

A

milliter

42
Q

oz

A

ounce

43
Q

tbsp

A

tablespoon

44
Q

tsp

A

teaspoon

45
Q

ad lib

A

as desired

46
Q

PRN

A

as needed

47
Q

q4h

A

every 4 hours

48
Q

stat

A

immediately

49
Q

Systemic medication forms include

A

Liquids
Tablets, capsules
Suppositories, transdermals
Injections ,pump dilvery system

50
Q

given By mouth (PO)

A

Tablets
Capsules
Sublingual

51
Q

What are Controlled release?

Why?

A

Enteric coated (to prevent stomach upset)
Maintain more consistent serum drug levels
Allow less frequent administration
More convenient for clients

52
Q

Controlled release

A

Tablets, capsules
Contain high amount of drug
Intended to be absorbed slowly over prolonged period of time
Should never be broken, open, crushed, chewed

53
Q

Systemic absorption through skin

A

Transdermal

54
Q

External or implanted
Refillable or long-acting without refills
Insulin, opioid analgesics, anticancer medication

A

Pump delivery systems

55
Q

Solutions
Creams
Suppositories
Frequently used for local treatment

A

Topical

56
Q

Mathematic abilities
Knowledge of common units of measurement
Knowing how to use data in performing calculations

A

Calculating Medication Dosages

57
Q

How do you Calculate Medication Dosages

A

D = desired dose (dose ordered, often in mg)
H = available dose (on drug label, often in mg per tablet/capsule/mL)
X = unknown (# of tablets/capsules/mL)
V = volume or unit

58
Q

injected is

A

Parenteral

59
Q

Routes of Administration

A 
Oral (by mouth)
 Parenteral (injected)
 Subcutaneous (SubQ)
 Intramuscular (IM)
 Intravenous (IV)
 Topical (applied to skin or mucous membrane
60
Q

___Must be prepared, packaged, and administered maintaining sterility
Typical medication containers
Vials (single- or multiple-dose)
Ampules
Prefilled syringes with attached needles

A

Medications for Injection

61
Q 
\_\_\_\_must be Sterile needles
 Various gauges (lumen size)
 Larger number = smaller lumen
 Various lengths, use depends on 
 Route of administration
 Thickness (viscosity) of solution
 Size of the client
A

Equipment for Injections

62
Q

____have been Developed to prevent injury and the spread of bloodborne pathogens
SYRINGES Calibrated to measure doses accurately
Insulin, tuberculin syringes for small doses

A

Needleless systems

63
Q

SubQ common sites

A

SubQ common sites

Upper arms, abdomen, back, thighs

64
Q

IM common sites

A

Deltoid, dorsogluteal, ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis muscles

65
Q

IV common sites

A

Back of hands, forearms

66
Q

Intradermal goes ____

A

Intradermal

67
Q

Intra-arterial goes ____

A

into arteries

68
Q

who performs Intra-articular (into joints)

Intrathecal (into spinal fluid)

A

Physicians must perform

pharmacology (5 decks)

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