Chapter # 3 Lung Volume Lab

Question 1

What are the most significant volumes for evaluating the effects of pulmonary disorders on Lung Volume Testing

Answer 1

VC, FRC, RV, and TLC

Question 2

How we determine RV and TLC ON lung Volume

Answer 2

RV= FRC-ERV or RV= (FRC+IC) - VC

TLC= FRC + IC or TLC= (FRC+ERV) + VC

Question 3

Restrictive patterns demostrate reduction on how many lung volumes?

Answer 3

In all of them

IRV,Vt,ERV, and RV

Question 4

In obstructive patterns how many lung volumes are increased?

Answer 4

Only some of them..

the exception is VC that may be normal or decreased

Question 5

On Obstructive Patterns If FRC values are more than 120% predicted, What does it represent?

Answer 5

Air Trappping

(Like Emphysema, Asthma, and Bronchitis patiens)

Question 6

What happen to VC when RV increases on Obstructive Patterns

a) VC decreases Proportionally (Equivalent)
b) VC Increases as RV
c) VC does not do anything

Answer 6

A) VC decreases Equivalent

Question 7

What disease condiction can increase RV

Answer 7

• Emphysema
• Bronchitis
• Obstruction

(Any condiction that causes air trapping)

Question 8

True Or False

In Obstructive Pattern RV and FRC Usually increased together?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

In Obstructive Pattern, if RV increases what will happen to patient ventilation?

Answer 9

More ventilation is needed to adequately exchange O2 and CO2.

(By increasing Vt or Respiratory rate)

Question 10

What are the two types of Obstructive Patterns?

Answer 10

Air Trapping [Increased RV with proportionally reduction on VC; TLC remains constant (80% -120%)]

Hyperventilation [RV increases with little or not change in VC; TLC Increases proportionally to RV(TLC>120% of predicted)]

Question 11

What type of Pattern is this when, Lung Volume are usually reduced equally.

Answer 11

Restrictive Patterns

Question 12

When we say there is a restrictive Pattern?

Answer 12

When TLC is less than 80%

Question 13

What pathophysiology significant can produce restrictive pattern?

Answer 13

• Asbestosis
• Sarcoidosis
• Complicated Silicosis
• Neuromuscular Disorders
• Respiratory Depression

Question 14

What is the RV/TLC ratio?

Answer 14

Is the percentage of total lung volume that must be ventilated by tidal breathing

Question 15

How we get RV/TLC ratio?

Answer 15

RV/TLC x 100

(and in normal young healthy adults the RV/TLC ratio should be between 20% - 35%)

Question 16

RV/TLC% >35% + Normal TLC, this is?

A) AIR TRAPPING

B) HYPERVENTILATION

C) NONE OF THE AVOBE

Answer 16

AIR TRAPPING

because TLC ramain between normal range 80% - 120%

Question 17

Interprete this, explain why.

RV/TLC >35% + > Normal TLC

Answer 17

HYPERINFLATION

Because TLC is greater than 120%

Question 18

TLC ↓

VC ↓

FRC ↓

RV ↓

RV/TLC% Normal

Answer 18

Restrictive Pattern

Question 19

TLC Normal

VC ↓

FRC ↑

RV ↑

RV/TLC% hight (>35%)

Answer 19

Air Trapping

Normal TLC (80% - 120%)

RV/TLC% > 35%

Question 20

TLC ↑

VC normal

FRC ↑

RV ↑

RV/TLC% ↑

Answer 20

Hyperinflation

why? because TLC is out of range (80% - 120%) more than 120% and RV/TLC% is > 35%

Question 21

What can cause an overstimate on FRC ?

Answer 21

Any leack during the test causes overstimation of the FRC (Bigger)

Question 23

True or False

Patients with increased RV often display gas exchange abnormalities such a Hypoxemia or CO2 retention. Because RV is effort-dependent, elevated RV may also be caused by muscle weakness or suboptimal effort.

Answer 23

TRUE