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RT (PFT) II Semestre > Chapter # 1, Indications > Flashcards

Chapter # 1, Indications Flashcards

1
Q

PFT, Purpose

A

Identify and quantify pulmonary impairments

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2
Q

PFT Category tests

A
  1. Airway Function
  2. Lung Volumes and Gas Distribution
  3. Diffusing Capacity
  4. Blood Gas and Exchange Tests
  5. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Tests
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3
Q

What Test is the most common on PFT?

A

Spirometry

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4
Q

Spirometry Measures?

A

It measures the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled.

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5
Q

Airway Function

A

It measures how well air moves in and out of the airways

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6
Q

Lung Volume test measures?

A

How big the lungs are

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7
Q

Diffusion Capacity test

A

How well does gas pass through alveolar capillaries

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8
Q

The most common Airway Function Test is?

A

Spirometry

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9
Q

Vital Capacity is?

A

Is the total amount of air that we can exhale after a maximum inspiration

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10
Q

Vital Capacity is also known as

A

Slow vital Capacity

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11
Q

Force Vital Capacity (FVC), measures

A

FVC measures Volume and Flow

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12
Q

when we think about obstruction we should think on …

A

Airway

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13
Q

It may be the fist test to identify pulmonary disease …

A

Spirometry

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14
Q

Spirometry is the most common PFT test, it measures air flow including:

A
  1. VC (irv, vt, erv)
  2. FVC
  3. FVL
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15
Q

Drugs that are use to induce an Asthmatic Attack?

A
  1. Metacholine
  2. Histamine
  3. Exercice
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16
Q

People who do not have asthma, how they will react to an induce Asthmatic attack?

A

These people will not have any reaction to these drugs.

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17
Q

How we can determine if a patient have Asthma or not?

A

By inducing an Asthma Attack

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18
Q

The Gold standard to Diagnose an Obstructive Lung Disease is?

A

Spirometry

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19
Q

Obstructive Diseases will reduce …

A

Airflow in and out of the lungs

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20
Q

What does mean CBABE, and what have in common?

A 
CBABE means:
Cystic Fibosis
Bronchiectasis
Asthma
Bronchitis 
Empfysema, and they are all OBSTRUCTIVE diseases.
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21
Q

Spirometry Indications?

A
  1. Diagnose the presence or Absence of lung diseases.
  2. Quantify the extent of known disease on lung
    function.
  3. Measures the effects of occupational or
    environmental exposure.
  4. Determine beneficial or negative effects to therapy.
  5. Assess risk of surgical procedures.
  6. Evaluate disability or impairment.
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22
Q

Lung Volume test is the Gold Standard to identify…

A

RESTRICTIVE lung disease.

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23
Q

Indication for lung volume test?

A
  1. Diagnose or assess severity of restrictive lung
    disease.
  2. Differentiate between restrictive and obstructive
    patterns.
  3. Make preoperative assessments of patients with
    compromise lung function.
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24
Q

Indication for Blood Gas analisis

A
  1. Evaluate adequacy of lung function.
  2. Determine the need for supplemental Oxygen.
  3. Document severity or progression of known
    pulmonary disease.
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25
Q

Indication for Diffusing Capacity

A
  1. Evaluate or fallow the progress of parenchymal lung
    disease.
  2. Evaluate pulmonary involvement in systemic
    disease.
  3. Evaluate cardiovascular disese
26
Q

Previous test, We should stop giving short acting B-Agonist?

A

4 hours

27
Q

Long acting B- agonist should be stpo

A

12 hours previous test

28
Q

Atropin like preparation

A 
Ipatropium Bromide (Atrovent), 8 hours before
Cromolyn Sodium, 8-12 hours previous test
29
Q

What is COPD

A

Is a long standing airway obstruction, caused by Bronchitis, Asthma and Emphysema.
this condition may be present alone or in combination .

30
Q

COPD is characterized by:

A
  • Dyspnea at rest or Exertion

- Productive cough

31
Q

Emphysema

A

Means air trapping
+ Caused primarily by cigarette Smoking
+ As the disease advances more and more alveolar
wall are destroyed

32
Q

The main Symptom of Emphysema is?

A

Breathlessness , either at rest or with exertion.

33
Q

In advanced Emphysema, what contribute to Dyspnea?

A

Hypoxemia

34
Q

On Emphysema DLCo will be

A

Reduced

35
Q

On Emphysema Chest X-Ray will show

A

+ Flatted Diaphragms and increased air spaces
+ The lungs appears hyperlucent (Dark)
+ Heart appears to be hanging from the great vessels

36
Q

What Enzyme deficiency causes the gradual destruction of the alveolar wall?

A

Alpha1 -antitrypsin

37
Q

On Emphysema FEV1 will be?

A

Reduced

38
Q

It is present when there is excessive mucus production, with a productive cough on most days, for at least 3 months for 2 years or more.

A

Chronic Bronchitis

39
Q

Chronic Bronchitis main cause

A

Smoking Cigarettes, also exposure to environmental pollutants

40
Q

What test may be used to distinguishing between Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis

A

DLCo, Chronic Bronchitis patients may have preserved DLCo, while Emphysema patients DLCo is reduced

41
Q

Bronchiectasis is:

A

Is the pathologic dilation of the bronchi

42
Q

The main feature of Bronchiectasis is:

A

Very productive Cough, the sputum is usually purulent and foul smelling.

43
Q

Treatment of Bronchiectasis?

A

Bronchial Hygiene
Antibiotic Therapy
Bronchoscopy and surgical resection

44
Q

The most common presentation of Asthma include:

A

Wheezing
cough
shortness of breath

45
Q

Disease that primarily affects the mucus production apparatus of the lung and pancreas?

A

Cystic Fibrosis

46
Q

Clinical manifestation of CF include:

A

+ Chronic Cough and Sinusitis
+ Bronchiectasis
+ Atelectasis

47
Q

The primary management of CF is:

A

Removal of excess of mucus produced.

48
Q

Symptom of Sarcoidosis include:

A

Fatigue, muscle weakness, fever and weight loss

49
Q

What disease shows relatively normal flows on PFT?

A

Sarcoidosis

50
Q

Dyspnea and Dry, nonproductive cough are the most common symptoms for …

A

Sarcoidosis

51
Q 
\+ Under weight
\+ Barrel-Chest
\+ Use accessory muscles
\+ Purse-lip breathing
Is characteristic of what condition?
A

Emphysema

52
Q

On patient preparation, Smoking cessation should be ceased

A

24 hour prior test

53
Q

On patient preparation, Eating should be limited to:

A

2 hours

54
Q

Alcohol consumption should be refrain for:

A

4 hours before testing

55
Q

DO NOT ask for this information on physical measurements

A

+ Height in inches or
centimeters
+ Weight in pounds or
kilograms

56
Q

Any disease that causes problem with lung volume will make the patient breath…

A

Shallow

57
Q

Indication for Spirometry include which of the following?
1. Preoperative evaluation for Pneumonectomy
2. Measurement of exercise capacity.
3. Determination of the beneficial effects of a bronchodilator.
4. Measurements of the effects of working in a dusty enviriment.
A. 1,2 and 3
B. 1,3 and 4
C. 2,3 and 4
D. 2 and 4 only

A

B. 1,3 and 4

58
Q

What test would you suggest to an adult with suspected shunt?

A

Blood Gas

59
Q

which of the following diseases often result in an obstructive pattern when Spirometry is done?

  1. Asthma
  2. Emphysema
  3. Bronchiolitis
  4. Silicosis
    a. 1,2 and 3
    b. 1,3 and 4
    c. 2,3 and 4
    d. 2 and 4
A

a. 1,2 and 3

60
Q

Which of the following should a pulmonary function technologist do before performing Spirometry?

a. Administer an anticholinergic
b. ask the patient their current height and weight.
c. Demonstrate how correctly perform the test maneuver
d. Explain that they will be require to perform three maneuvers.

A

c. demonstrate how correctly perform the test maneuver

61
Q

What test would you recommended to a patient whom complain of Dyspnea on exertion and chest tightness

A

Cardiopulmonary exercise test

RT (PFT) II Semestre (10 decks)

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