Chapter 3: Life of Rizal (Journey to Foreign Lands) Flashcards
What were the reasons Rizal went to Spain? (2)
- continue his medical studies
- observe European life, culture, and governance: preparation to liberate his oppressed countrymen from the yoke off Spanish colonial rule.
Rizal’s route to Madrid, Spain (5)
- Singapore
- Suez Canal, Egypt (Red Sea (City of Suez) to Mediterranean Sea (Port Said)/Asia to Europe)
- City of Naples, Italy and City of Marseilles, France
- Barcelona, Spain
- Madrid, Spain
What steamer did Rizal take from Manila to Singapore?
Spanish steamer Salvadora (SS Salvadora)
When did Rizal depart for Singapore? When did Rizal arrive? (2) (month/day/year)
- May 3, 1882
- May 9, 1882
How long did Rizal stay in Singapore?
2 days
What was Rizal’s observation about Singapore during his visit? (3)
- progress of the city
- rights to practice religion
- absence of racial discrimination
What landmarks did Rizal visit in Singapore? (4)
- Botanical Garden
- Buddhist temples
- Shopping district
- Statue of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles.
What colony was Singapore a part of during Rizal’s visit?
England (British colony)
What languages did Rizal observe being spoken in the areas around the Suez Canal? (8)
- Greek
- Arabic
- Egyptian
- French
- Italian
- Hebrew
- Spanish
- Other languages.
GAEFISH
What ship did Rizal ride to traverse the Suez Canal?
Dutch steamship Djemnah
How long did it take the Dutch steamship Djemnah to traverse the Suez Canal?
5 days
From which city did the Dutch steamship Djemnah depart when crossing the Suez Canal?
To which port did the Dutch steamship Djemnah arrive after traversing the Suez Canal?
- City of Suez, Egypt
- Port Said, Egypt
What did Rizal call the barren coast of Africa?
“Inhospitable land but famous.”
Where did the Dutch steamship Djemnah make its last stop? Where did Rizal disembark?
- Netherlands
- City of Marseille, France
Leader of the Dutch resistance against Spanish rule, also known as William the Silent.
William of Orange
What pleased Rizal about the city of Naples? (3)
- business activity
- lively people
- panoramic beauty
On what date did Rizal pass by Naples?
June 11, 1882
What French harbor did Rizal’s steamship dock at on June 12, 1882?
City of Marseille
What famous location did Rizal visit in Marseilles, where The Count of Monte Cristo’s main character, Edmund Dantès, was imprisoned?
Chateau d’If
When did Rizal arrive in Barcelona, Spain? (month/day/year)
June 16, 1882
What was Rizal’s first article written in Spain?
Amor Patrio (Love of Country)
What pen name did Rizal use when writing Amor Patrio?
Laon-Laang (or Laong-Laan/Laon-Laan)
“laon” meaning long, and “laan” meaning committed = long committed
Where was Amor Patrio published? How was Amor Patrio published in the Philippines? (2)
- Published by Diariong Tagalog
- Published both in Spanish and Tagalog (translated by Marcelo H. del Pilar)
What was Rizal’s first impression of Barcelona? What was Rizal’s opinion of Barcelona after staying? (2)
- Unfavorable, calling the city ugly with dirty inns and inhospitable residents
- He came to like the city, finding it great, with an atmosphere of freedom, liberalism, and hospitable people.
What was the significance of Madrid for Rizal’s mission?
Madrid was the political and economic center of Spain, ideal for Rizal’s future plans for reform.
Who were some of the people Rizal visited in Paris? (3)
- Family of Trinidad Pardo de Taveras
- Juan Luna (Filipino artist)
- Felix Resurrección Hidalgo (Filipino artist)
How did Rizal describe Paris?
“The costliest capital in Europe.”
How was Rizal cleared of suspicion in Heidelberg?
He was fluent in German.
Where did Rizal spend a 3-day vacation in Heidelberg? Who did Rizal stay with in there?
- Wilhelmsfeld, a mountain village.
- Protestant Pastor Dr. Karl Ulmer
What did Rizal appreciate about the Ulmer family? (3)
- kind treatment
- hospitality
- lack of racial prejudice
Professor-rector at the Ateneo de Leitmeritz, Austria and an ethnologist who has interest about the Philippine language.
Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt
Who did Rizal write a letter to in German while in Heidelberg?
Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt
What cultural observation did Rizal make about the German Catholics and Protestants? (2)
- practiced ecumenism (promotion of cooperation and unity among Christians)
- lived in harmony
How did the German Catholics and Protestants share one of the town’s churches?
One-half was used by Catholics and the other half by Protestants.
When did Rizal arrive in Leipzig, Germany? (month/day/year)
August 14, 1886
What subjects did Rizal attend lectures on at the University of Leipzig? (2)
- History
- psychology
Who were the two prominent people Rizal befriended in Leipzig? (2)
- Professor Friedrich Ratzel, a famous German historian
- Dr. Hans Meyer, German anthropologist
Who is the director of the Anthropological and Ethnological Museum whom Rizal met in Leipzig?
Dr. Adolph B. Meyer
What did Rizal discover about the cost of living in Leipzig? How long did Rizal stay in Leipzig?
- cheapest in Europe
- 2 ½ months
What job did Rizal get while in Leipzig?
Proof-reader in a publisher’s firm (Because of his knowledge in German, Spanish, and other European languages)
What did Rizal observe during his stay in Leipzig and visit to Dresden?
lack of racial discrimination
Reasons why Rizal stayed in Berlin (5)
- To gain further knowledge in ophthalmology
- To further his studies in sciences and languages
- To observe the political and economic conditions of Germany
- To associate with famous German scientists and scholars
- To publish his first novel, Noli Me Tangere
What did Rizal find enchanting about Berlin? (2)
- scientific atmosphere
- absence of racial prejudice
How did Rizal describe German women? (4)
- Serious
- diligent
- educated
- friendly
What did Rizal observe about German women’s fashion?
not particular about beautiful dresses and expensive jewelry but could dress nicely.
What German customs did Rizal admire? (2)
- The Christmas custom of adorning a Christmas tree
- The self-introduction to strangers in a social gathering
Who accompanied Rizal on his Grand Tour of Europe?
Maximo Viola
Where did Rizal and Maximo Viola first meet Ferdinand Blumentritt?
Austria (Leitmeritz)
Where did Rizal celebrate his 26th birthday?
Geneva, Switzerland
After Switzerland, where did Maximo Viola return to?
Spain
After his tour in Europe, where did Rizal prepare to return to? (2)
- from Rome
- to Las Islas Pilipinas
When did Rizal return to the Philippines after his 5-year stay in Europe? (year)
1887
What did Rizal establish in Calamba upon his return? (2)
- Medical clinic
- Gymnasium
Who was Rizal’s first patient in his medical clinic?
Doña Teodora (his mother)
What name was Rizal called in Calamba and why?
Doctor Uliman – because he came from Germany
a Tagalog word for German
What European sports did Rizal introduce in Calamba to discourage the youth from cockfighting and gambling? (2)
- Fencing
- Shooting
As early as 1884, what reasons motivated Rizal to return to the Philippines? (3)
1) Financial difficulties in Calamba
2) To prove there was no reason to fear going home
3) Belief that the Spanish regime would not punish the innocent
What reasons drove Rizal to return to the Philippines in 1887? (4)
1) To operate on his mother’s eyes
2) To serve his oppressed people
3) To see the impact of Noli Me Tangere on Filipinos and Spaniards
4) To inquire about Leonor Rivera’s silence
What date did Rizal arrive in Hong Kong? (month/day/year)
Feb 3, 1888
On what ship did Rizal leave for Hong Kong in 1888?
SS Zafiro
What was Rizal’s observation of Hong Kong?
Small but very clean city with many Portuguese, Hindus, English, and Jews, and some Filipinos, mostly former exiles.
Who accompanied Rizal during his visit to Macau who is a member of the propaganda movement, which sought reforms in the Philippines under Spanish rule?
Antonio Basa
How did Rizal describe the Portuguese colony of Macau?
- Small, low, and gloomy
- plenty of junks and sampans (small boats), few steamers.
- sad and almost dead
Rizal’s experiences in Hong Kong (5)
1) Noisy celebration of the Chinese New Year
2) Boisterous Chinese theater
3) Marathon lauriat party
4) The Dominican Order was the richest religious order
5) Hong Kong Cemeteries
- Protestant cemetery: Most beautiful, with well-groomed plants and clean pathways.
- Catholic cemetery: Pompous, with ornate mausoleums and extravagantly carved sepulchers.
- Muslim cemetery: Simple, with a little mosque and tombstones with Arabic inscriptions.
When did Rizal arrive in Yokohama, Japan? (month/day/year)
February 28, 1888
Which city did Rizal proceed to the day after arriving in Yokohama?
Tokyo
What was Rizal’s impression of Tokyo?
more expensive than Paris
Rizal’s impression about Japan (5)
- Tokyo is more expensive than Paris.
- Beauty of the country
- Japanese dress
- Few thieves in Japan
- Beggars are rarely seen
- A Japanese woman whom Rizal meet in Japan
- Guided him in understanding Nihonggo (the Japanese language)
- They had a fling
- Although they parted ways, her tomb had a dedication to him
Seiko Usui
What was the duration of Rizal’s stay in Japan? (month/day/year)
February 28 to April 13, 1888 (<1 month)
When did Rizal first see America? (month/day/year)
April 28, 1888
Why were Rizal and other passengers quarantined upon arrival in San Francisco?
cholera outbreak” in China
What city did Rizal reach in May 13, 1888?
New York
How long did Rizal stay in New York before leaving for Liverpool?
3 days (leaving on May 16, 1888)
What ship did Rizal board to leave New York for Liverpool?
SS City of Rome, the second largest ship in the world at that time.
Rizal’s impression on America (5)
- Material progress - great cities, huge farms, flourishing industries, and busy factories.
- Natural beauty of the land
- High standard of living
- America offered opportunities for a better life for poor migrants
- Absence of racial equality
What was Rizal’s observation about freedom in America?
America was the land of freedom, but only for the whites.
When did Rizal arrive in Liverpool, England? (month/day/year)
May 24, 1888
traveled 8 days from New York
What were Rizal’s reasons for choosing London as his new home? (2)
- To improve his English language skills.
- To study and annotate Antonio de Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
A book written by Antonio de Morga published in Mexico in 1609, and whose rare copy can be found at the British Museum.
Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
What was Rizal’s primary purpose in studying Antonio de Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas? (2)
- show that Filipinos already had a developed culture in the 16th century
- highlight the objective presentation of Philippine history and civilization.
What did Rizal say about Morga’s work in his letter to Blumentritt on September 17, 1888?
scholarly, lacks the superficiality and exaggeration often found in Spanish writings, and is very simple.
When did Rizal live London, England? (month/year)
From May 1888 to March 1889 (1 year 3 months)
When did Rizal leave Paris for Brussels, Belgium? (month/day/year)
January 28, 1890
How long did Rizal stay in Brussels? (month/year)
January to August 1890 (7 months)
Why did Rizal leave Paris for Brussels? (2)
- The cost of living in Paris was very high due to the Universal Exposition.
- The social life in Paris distracted him from his literary work, particularly writing El Filibusterismo.
What novel was Rizal working on while in Brussels, Belgium?
El Filibusterismo (The Reign of Greed)
What did Rizal criticize the Filipinos in Madrid for during his stay in Brussels?
engaging too much in gambling instead of working for the liberty and dignity of their race.
What did Rizal say about Filipinos in Madrid regarding their behavior?
“Instead of being worthy of liberty, we are worthy of slavery… because we are serving the schemes of the friars.”
What years were Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo published?
- 1887
- 1891
