Chapter 3: Infants

Question 1

Ankyloglossia

Answer 1

short frenum

Question 2

Apnea

Answer 2

stopping of breath

Question 3

Atelectasis

Answer 3

alveoli in lungs don’t expand or collapse

Question 4

Atresia

Answer 4

absence of normal opening

Question 5

Atresia choanae

Answer 5

posterior nasal cavity not open

Question 6

Bradycardia

Answer 6

drop in heart rate below 90 bpm

Question 7

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Answer 7

chronic lung disorder seen in neonates- requires ventilator

Question 8

Choelstatic jaundice

Answer 8

caused by bile in liver

Question 9

Cyanotic

Answer 9

bluish color due to lack of oxygen

Question 10

Embryogensis

Answer 10

development of embryo

Question 11

Gavage feedings

Answer 11

feeding through tube

Question 12

Hypoplasia

Answer 12

incomplete development of tissue or organ

Question 13

Mandibular hypoplasia

Answer 13

incomplete development of mandible

Question 14

Microcephaly

Answer 14

small head

Question 15

Micrognathia

Answer 15

small mandible

Question 16

Moebius sequence

Answer 16

sequence of events in utero, damage to CN and face

Question 17

Neonate

Answer 17

newborn

Question 18

Phenyldetonuria (PKU)

Answer 18

metabolic disorder at birth

Question 19

Pierre Robin Syndrome

Answer 19

symptom cluster: small mandible, tongue, clefts of hard palate

Question 20

Spina bifida

Answer 20

defect in spinal column

Question 21

Subglottic stenosis

Answer 21

narrowing or trachea

Question 22

Tachycardia

Answer 22

elevated heart rate

Question 23

Tachynpea

Answer 23

elevated level of breathing

Question 24

Toxemia

Answer 24

toxic products in blood

Question 25

Tracheomalacia

Answer 25

softening of tracheal cartilages

Question 26

Transitional feeding

Answer 26

stage of eating from liquid to solid

Question 27

Due to the sensitivity of the premature infant, noise levels in the NICU should be kept________.

Answer 27

Below 60 dB.

Question 28

According to your Power Point slides for Class #4, Joan Arvedson (1996) stated that the 2 major pre-requisites to be in place before beginning to feed a premature infant are_____________________.

Answer 28

A strong rhythmic, non-nutrative suck and a stable airway

Question 29

Non-nutrative sucking is faster but more irregular than nutrative sucking.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Transitional feeding from a liquid to a first solid should take place after 7 months of age.

Answer 30

False

*No earlier than 4 months and no later than 7 months

Question 31

The pattern of infant feeding called “suckling” appears first and usually disappears at about 6-9 months.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

An infant’s oro-pharyngeal anatomy is identical to an adults but just smaller.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Review Table 3-1 in your textbook. When do the authors state that the munching pattern of chewing develops?

Answer 33

6-9 months

Question 34

Infants often display a disorganized suck-swallow-breathe pattern until _______weeks of age after conception (gestational age + birth age).

Answer 34

45

Question 35

According to your textbook, at what age does the sense of smell develop?

Answer 35

28-29 weeks

Question 36

The term “neonate” means______________.

Answer 36

A newborn infant