Chapter 3 How We Think About The Social World Flashcards
Fundamental attribution error
The tendency to overestimate the extent to which people’s behaviour stems from personality traits and to underestimate the role of situational factors.
Behaviourism
A school of psychology that focuses on the reinforcing properties of the environment
Embodied cognition
The process by which bodily sensations activate mental structures such as schemas
Judgemental Heuristics
Mental shortcuts people use to make judgements quickly and efficiently.
Availability Heuristics
A mental shortcut whereby people base judgement on the ease with which they can bring information to mind.
Representative Heuristic
A mental shortcut whereby people classify something according to how similar it is to a typical case.
A mental shortcut whereby people classify something according to how similar it is to a typical case.
Base rate information
Information about the frequency of members of different categories in the population.
Analytical thinking style
People focus on the properties of objects without considering their surrounding context; common in western culture.
Holistic thinking
A type of thinking where people focus on the overall context, particularly the ways in which objects relate to one another; common in east Asia
Controlled thinking
Thinking that is conscious, intentional, voluntary, and effortful.
Counter factual thinking
Mentally changing some aspect of the past as a way of imagine what might have been
Overconfidence barrier
People tend to have too much confidence in the accuracy of their judgement; there be judgements are not as correct
