Chapter 3 - Genes, Environment, And the Beginnings of Life Flashcards
A score of _____ or lower on the Apgar test indicates that a newborn is at risk. a. 1 b. 4 c. 7 d. 10
b. 4
What neurological disability can be characterised by difficulty controlling muscle movements and an increased risk of learning, intellectual and speech difficulties? a. Cerebral palsy b. Spina bifida c. Anoxia d. Trisomy 21
a. Cerebral palsy
Drugs, alcohol, tobacco, and over-the-counter medication are all examples of what? a. Teratogens b. Medications c. Carcinogens d. Environmental hazards
a. Teratogens
The first trimester begins with the: a. Embryonic period. b. Germinal period. c. Foetal period. d. The Prenatal period.
b. Germinal period.
The intense period of brain cell growth originating from stem cells undergoing rapid cell division is called: a. proliferation. b. migration. c. differentiation. d. age of viability.
a. proliferation.
A shared environmental influence refers to: a. Experiences unique to the individual that are not shared by other members of the family b. Individuals who grow up in the same home environment who share common experiences that make them similar c. The ability to compare children from different homes who have had the same environmental influences d. None of the above
b. Individuals who grow up in the same home environment who share common experiences that make them similar
In relation to twin studies, what does concordance refer to? a. The percentage of cases studied in which pairs of identical twins have a particular attribute b. The percentage of cases studied in which pairs of fraternal twins have a particular attribute c. The percentage of cases studied in which pairs of any type of twins both have a particular attribute d. The percentage of cases studied in which pairs of identical twins raised apart have a particular attribute
c. The percentage of cases studied in which pairs of any type of twins both have a particular attribute
A person’s genetic endowment that is expressed in observed characteristics is the: a. genotype. b. phenotype. c. genes. d. allele.
b. phenotype.
What is the name for stretches of DNA that are transcribed into RNA, which serves as a template for the production of a protein that is then transmitted from parents to child and from generation to generation at conception? a. Genes b. DNA c. Chromosomes d. Alleles
a. Genes
After childbirth, women have an 18% chance of developing what? a. Perinatal depression b. Postnatal depression c. Antenatal depression d. Major depressive episode
b. Postnatal depression
What do we call the moment of fertilisation when a sperm penetrates an ovum forming a zygote?
Conception
What is the single cell formed at conception from the union of a sperm and an ovum?
Zygote
What is an inability to get pregnant after a year of trying to do so?
What is a method of conception that involves injecting sperm from a woman’s partner or from a donor into the uterus?
artifical insemination
What is the procedure in which several ova are removed from a woman’s ovary, fertilised with sperm in the laboratory, then transferred to the woman’s uterus?
