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APES > Chapter 3: General > Flashcards

Chapter 3: General Flashcards

1
Q

Transition between ecosystems boundaries
Small organisms can survive in these “patches”

A

Ecotone

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2
Q

Thin layer of earth (where life is)

A

Biosphere

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3
Q

What percent of incoming solar energy is converted into chemical energy by producers

A

1%

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4
Q

Biomass available as nutrients for consumers

A

Net Primary Productivity (NPP)

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5
Q

NPP Formula

A

NPP = GPP - R

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6
Q

Total amount of energy photosynthesis converts to sugar

A

Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)

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7
Q

Energy producers use for themselves

A

Respiration loses (R)

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8
Q

Large region defined by distinct climate/species

A

Biome

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9
Q

Too much or little can can prevent the growth of a population

A

Limiting factors

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10
Q

Oxygen that fish breath

A

Dissolved oxygen (DO)

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11
Q

Scavenger

A

Detritovore

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12
Q

3 factors that sustain life on Earth

A

One-way flow of high-quality energy from sun
Cycling of energy through biosphere
Gravity

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13
Q

Short term residence for nutrients

A

Reservoir

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14
Q

Long term residence for nutrients

A

Sink

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15
Q

Rate at which materials move between reservoirs/sinks

A

Flux

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16
Q

Water that goes into ground (water cycle)

A

Infiltrate

17
Q

Water flows on land to lowest point

A

Runoff

18
Q

Effects of runoff

A
  1. Runoff brings fertilizer to body of water
  2. Algae boom and then die
  3. Bacteria eats dead algae waste
  4. Bacteria booms, use up oxygen
  5. DO levels drop, aquatic life suffocate (fish kill)
  6. Area becomes dead zone
19
Q

Solutions to runoff

A

New farming methods
Maintain wetlands
Plant cover crops

20
Q

An event that changes population/community composition

A

Disturbance

21
Q

How much a disturbance can affect the flow of energy and matter

A

Resistance

22
Q

How fast an ecosystem can bounce back after a disturbance

A

Resilience

23
Q

Study/implementation of restoring destroyed ecosystems

A

Restoration ecology

24
Q

On land, NPP increases with

A

Temperature and precipitation

25
Q

In the water, NPP increases with

A

Light and nutrients

APES (8 decks)

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