Chapter 3: Federalism

Question 1

Federalism

Answer 1

Shared governmental responsibilities (national and state)

Question 2

Unitary

Answer 2

Central government holds all powers

Question 3

Confederate

Answer 3

Weak central government

Question 4

Expresses Powers

Answer 4

Enumerated or delegated powers given to national government

Question 5

Implied Powers

Answer 5

Not expressly stated in Constitution

Elastic clause

Question 6

Inherent Powers

Answer 6

For national government because the government is sovereign

Question 7

Reserved powers

Answer 7

Powers for the state governments (10th amendment)

Question 8

Concurrent Powers

Answer 8

Powers for both national and state governments

Question 9

National Supremacy

Answer 9

Established through:

• McCulloch v Maryland (implied powers, supremacy clause)
• Nullification and Civil War (war refuted secession and state nullification of federal laws)
• Gibbons v Ogden (commerce clause for Congress expanded national power
• Brown case and Civil Rights (states must follow national laws)

Question 10

State to State Obligations

Answer 10

• Full faith and credit (recognize public records, court rulings)
• Extradition (return fugitives)
• privileges and Immunities (treat all the same)

Question 11

Dual Federalism

Answer 11

Separate control (up until new deal)

Question 12

Cooperative Federalism

Answer 12

Shared powers

Question 13

Fiscal Federalism

Answer 13

Pattern of taxing, spending, and providing grants in the federal system

Question 14

Categorical Grants

Answer 14

Made for specific designed purposes

• increase power of federal government (states must comply with regulations)
• more strings
• project grants
• formula grants

Question 15

Block Grants

Answer 15

Broadly defined purposes

Less strings

Question 16

Mandates

Answer 16

• rule telling states what conditions must be met to comply with federal guidelines
• Conditions on aid (unfunded mandates are harder

Question 17

Devolution

Answer 17

Movement to transfer responsibilities of governing from the federal government to state and local governments.

Question 18

The principle that the national government has certain implied powers that go beyond its enumerated powers was first elaborated in the supreme courts decision in?

Answer 18

McCulloch v Maryland

Question 19

The Americans with Disabilities act is an example of?

Answer 19

A congressional law creating financial obligations for the states but providing no funds to meet these obligations