Chapter 3-Digestive System Flashcards
Size order of cells-body
Tissue (similar cells), organ, organ system, organism
Digestive enzymes;
Amylase, protease, lipase and bile
What does amylase do?
Made by salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine. Breaks down starch
What does proteas do?
Made my stomach, pancreas and small instestine. Breaks down proteins into amino acids
What does lipase do?
Made by pancreas and small intestine. Converts lipids into glycerol
What does bile do?
Made in liver,stored in bile conduct. Alkaline,neautralises stomach acid and breaks down fat into droplets
What tests are used for sugar?
Benedict test
What test is used for starch?
Iodine solution
What test is used for proteins?
Biuret test
What test is used for lipids?
Sudan III
Order of digestive system;
Mouth, gullet, liver, stomach, gall bladder/pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
What does an enzyme do?
Speeds up a reaction
What is the “lock and key model”?
An enzyme has an active site that only fits a particular substrate
What is the “optimum temperature”?
The perfect temp for the enzyme to work,if it reaches above 45 degrees the enzyme denatures
What is the “optimum pH”?
Normally neautral (pH 7) but pepsin which breaks down protein works best at pH 2
Colour change of benedict solution (sugar);
Blue- Green, yellow or red (depending on content of sugar)
Colour change of iodine solution (starch);
Browny/orange- black/blue
Colour change of biuret test (protein);
Blue- Pink/purple
Colour change of Sudan III (lipids);
Separate into two layers with the top layer being red
What does hydrochloric acid in the stomach do?
Kills bacteria and gives the right pH for protease to work (acidic)
What happens in the large intestine?
Excess water is absorbed
