Chapter 3 - Developmental Genetics

Question 0

Mutations

Answer 0

A mutation occurs when a gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene.

Question 1

Mutant

Answer 1

Resulting from or showing the effect of mutation.

Question 2

Chemical mutagenesis

Answer 2

A mutation that usually results in the creation of point mutations in which a single DNA base is changed to another. These may cause the substitution of one amino acid for another, or, if a new termination codon is created, cause a premature chain terminatin.

Question 3

What is a frameshift mutation?

Answer 3

Addition or deletion of a single nucleotide that changes the entire downstream sequence of amino acids in the protein.

Question 4

X-irradiation mutation

Answer 4

A mutation that often induces deletion of a whole stretch of DNA, which may include more than one gene.

Question 5

What are spontaneous mutations?

Answer 5

These can be any of the other types of mutations but can in addition, include the insertion of transposable elements.

Question 6

What are homeotic mutations?

Answer 6

These are mutations that cause the conversion of one part of the body into the likeness of another.

Question 7

What are alleles?

Answer 7

Alleles are different versions of genes.