Chapter 3- Criminal Justice System

Question 0

DEFINE: plea bargain

Answer 0

A defendant’s plea of guilty to a criminal charge with the reasonable expectation of recording some consideration from the state for doing so (usually a reduction of the charge)

Question 1

DEFINE: federalism

Answer 1

A system of government in which power is divided between a central (national) gov and regional (state) gov

Question 2

DEFINE: discretion

Answer 2

The authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, using instead ones own judgement; allows for individualization ad informality in the admin of justice

Question 3

DEFINE: filtering process

Answer 3

A process by which CJ officials screen out some cases while advancing others to the next level of decision making

Question 4

DEFINE: adjudication

Answer 4

The process of determining whether the defendant is guilty or not

Question 5

DEFINE: dual court system

Answer 5

A system based on a separate judicial system for each state in addition to a court esteem under the nat gov. Each case is tried in a court of the same jurisdiction as that of the law that was (allegedly) broken

Question 6

DEFINE: warrant

Answer 6

Court order allowing police to take certain actions

Question 7

DEFINE: information

Answer 7

A document charging an individual with a specific crime. It is prepared by a prosecutor and presented to the Court at a preliminary hearing

Question 8

DEFINE: indictment

Answer 8

A document returned by a grand jury as a true bill charging an individual with a specific crime on the the basis of determination of probable cause from evidence presented by a prosecutor.

Question 9

DEFINE: disparity

Answer 9

The unequal treatment of members of one demographic group by the CJ system, compared with treatment accorded members of other groups

Question 10

DEFINE: discrimination

Answer 10

Differential treatment of individuals or groups based on race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or economic status, instead of treatment based on the actual behavior or qualifications of the individual

Question 11

What are the 3 principles of the CJ system?

Answer 11

1) hold offenders accountable for their actions
2) protect rights of persons who have contact with the system
3) treat like offenses alike»officials will take into account relevant differences among offenders and offenses

Question 12

The federal gov has the power to

Answer 12

Raise an army, coin money, and make foreign treaties

Question 13

Police power is left to who?

Answer 13

Each individual state

Question 14

Federal gov has CJ power through…

Answer 14

• FBI
• DEA
• US Secret Service
• CIA
• federal courts
• federal prisons