Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter 3- Composition Of Cells > Flashcards

Chapter 3- Composition Of Cells Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Active site

A

The part of an enzyme that joins with a substrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Accessory pigments

A

Pigments, not chlorophyll, that trap light energy and transport it to chlorophyll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Adenine

A

Nitrogenous base that is a building block of DNA and RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aerobic cellular respiration

A

The process of cellular respiration with the presence of oxygen; breakdown of glucose to produce inorganic compounds in the form of ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

The process of cellular respiration with the presence of oxygen; breakdown of glucose to produce inorganic compounds in the form of ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amino acids

A

Compounds containing nitrogen that make up protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anabolism

A

The creation of new compounds from simpler ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Cellular respiration without oxygen; breakdown of glucose to produce inorganic compounds in the form of ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Autotrophic

A

Being able to produce ones own food if given energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bonds

A

Forces between atoms that bring them together to form molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Organic molecules including starch, sugars and cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Catabolism

A

The breakdown of complex molecules to simpler ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Process of converting chemical energy into ATP which can then be used by the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cellulose

A

Complex carbohydrate made up of chains of glucose molecules. Main component of plant cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chemical energy

A

Potential energy stored in substances that can be used when it is changed in certain types of chemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chitin

A

Carbohydrate material found in cell walls of some fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chlorophylls

A

Green pigment that traps light energy for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Organelles containing chlorophyll found in the cytosol of cells in certain plant tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Coenzyme

A

Organic compound such as a vitamin the assists an enzyme to alter the rat of a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cohesive

A

Molecules of the same kind tend to stick together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Complex carbohydrates

A

Carbohydrates made up of linked sugar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Covalent bond

A

Type of bind where electrons are shared between the atoms involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cytosine

A

Nitrogenous base that is a building block of RNA and DNA

24
Q

DNA

A

Double stranded nucleic acid containing genetic information and is org aside into chromosomes of eukaryotic cells

25
Q

Enzymes

A

Proteins that alter the rate of reactions in living organisms

26
Q

Fatty acids

A

Sub units of the structure lipids

27
Q

Glucose

A

Most common monosaccharide (sugar molecule)

28
Q

Glycerol

A

Molecule which attaches to three fatty acids to form a lipid

29
Q

Glycogen

A

Complex carbohydrate that is a form of storage in animal cells

30
Q

Grana

A

Stacks of folded membrane layers where chlorophyll is located in the chloroplast

31
Q

Guanine

A

Nitrogenous base that is a building block DNA and RNA

32
Q

Heterotrophic

A

Organisms that cannot make their own food and feed off organic material in its environment

33
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

Weak bonds that form between complementary nucleotides in DNA

34
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Describes substances that can dissolve in water

35
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Describes substances that are insoluble in water

36
Q

Light energy

A

Radiant energy such as sunlight

37
Q

Lipids

A

General term for fats, oils and waxes

38
Q

Metabolism

A

All chemical reactions in a living thing

39
Q

Minerals

A

Inorganic substance required as a nutrient

40
Q

Monomers

A

Building blocks of cells

41
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Simple sugar molecule

42
Q

Nonpolar

A

Substances that are insoluble in water

43
Q

Nucleic acids

A

Compounds such as DNA and RNA

44
Q

Organic compounds

A

Carbon contains compounds found in living matter

45
Q

Phospholipid

A

Major types of lipids found in the plasma membrane

46
Q

Polar

A

Substance that are soluble in water

47
Q

Polymers

A

Large molecule made of similar units

48
Q

Polysaccharides

A

Carbohydrates made of many sugar units

49
Q

Proteins

A

Large molecules made of many amino acids

50
Q

RNA

A

Single stranded nucleic acid contains ribose sugar and uracil instead of thymine

51
Q

Starch

A

Complex carbohydrate, main storage in many plant cells

52
Q

Stroma

A

Fluid between the grana contains enzymes for photosynthesis

53
Q

Substrate

A

The compound on which an enzyme acts

54
Q

Thymine

A

Nitrogenous base that is a building block of DNA and RNA

55
Q

Triglycerides

A

Organic molecule made of glycerol and three other fatty acid molecules

56
Q

Vitamins

A

An organic compound required in minute amounts

57
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Process in which plants trap radiant light to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water

Biology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions