Chapter 3- Cells

Question 1

mitochondria

Answer 1

makes ATP/energy

Question 2

lysosomes

Answer 2

digestive enzymes “cleaners”

Question 3

ribosomes

Answer 3

make proteins

Question 4

rough ER

Answer 4

transports proteins out

Question 5

smooth ER

Answer 5

makes lipids

Question 6

Golgi complex

Answer 6

makes carbs, modifies proteins

Question 7

cilia

Answer 7

moves substances outside of the plasma membrane

Question 8

spot welds that hold adjacent cells together, found in skin

Answer 8

desmosomes

Question 9

channels of adjacent plasma membranes adhere, found in the heart

Answer 9

gap junction

Question 10

plasma membrane proteins fuse with similar proteins in neighboring cells forming an impermeable tight sheet, found in intestines

Answer 10

tight junctions

Question 11

passive transport

Answer 11

no energy needed, moves from high to low concentration down the gradient

Question 12

active transport

Answer 12

uses energy to move low concentration to high concentration against gradient

Question 13

cell SHRINKS, water LEAVES the cell, more water in the cell than in the solution

Answer 13

hypertonic

Question 14

cells SWELLS, may burst. water goes IN the cell (more water in the container than in the cell)

Answer 14

hypotonic

Question 15

equal, water moves back and forth equally

Answer 15

isotonic

Question 16

cystic fibrosis

Answer 16

Na+ and Cl- channels malformed, results in thick mucus

Question 17

hypercholesterolemia

Answer 17

can be inherited, receptor malfunction, genetic or from poor diet

Question 18

benign

Answer 18

not cancerous

Question 19

malignant tumors

Answer 19

cancer

Question 20

cancer cells are…

Answer 20

invasive

Question 21

secrete chemical signal that causes blood vessels to grow to tumor

Answer 21

angiogenesis

Question 22

leads to tumors beyond original site

Answer 22

metastasis