Chapter 3: Cells

Question 1

• all living things are composed of cells
• 1 cell is the smallest form of life
• cells come from other cells

Answer 1

Cell Doctrine/ Cell classification

Question 2

the outer shell of a cell is…?

Answer 2

Plasma membrane

Question 3

the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm with organelles(AKA little organs) are all…

Answer 3

Eukaryotic

Question 4

a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles

Answer 4

Prokaryotes

Question 5

small projections that increase surface area

Answer 5

Microvilli

Question 6

glycoproteins on the surface to bond receptors for immunity blood type and reproduction; also meant for bonding cell together

Answer 6

Glycocalyx

Question 7

a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules

Answer 7

lipid bilayer

Question 8

create the main boundary in the plasma membrane

Answer 8

phospholipids

Question 9

this strengthens the plasma membrane boundary

Answer 9

Cholesterol

Question 10

creates the channels for transport in the plasma membrane

Answer 10

Proteins

Question 11

-Functions: transports proteins, enzymes, or receptors (channels and carriers)
-firmly inserted into the membrane

Answer 11

Integral proteins

Question 12

-Functions:
*Transport
*receptors for signal transduction
*attachment to the cytoskeleton and extracellular
matrix

Answer 12

membrane protein functions

Question 13

-tight junction
-desmosome
-gap junction

Answer 13

membrane junctions

Question 14

prevents fluids and most molecules from moving between cells

Answer 14

tight junction (membrane junction)

Question 15

“Rivets” or “spot-welds” that anchor cells together

Answer 15

desmosomes (membrane Junction)

Question 16

transmembrane proteins from pores allow small molecules to pass from cell to cell
- for the spread of ions between cardiac or smooth
muscles cells

Answer 16

Gap Junctions (membrane junction)