Chapter 2: Chemistry Flashcards
-occupies space and has mass
-mass differs from weight
matter
-the capacity to do work
-energy to move things
energy
the energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion. By the reason of its motion
kinetic energy
the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors
potential energy
- stored in bonds of chemical substances
-chemical reactions occur such as ATP
chemical energy
-the movement of charged particles
-we are electric
electrical energy
-Energy used directly to move matter
mechanical energy
-electromagnetic spectrum
radiant or electromagnetic energy
-plain film
-“real-time”
*contrast studies (barium enema)
*fluoroscopy
*angiograms
X-Rays
what is converted from one form to another?
energy
…. is a by the production of energy conversions contributing to our body temperature.
heat
…. is the release of heat from muscles with their use of energy.
biggie
-forms elements
-atoms and elements have unique physical and chemical properties
-1-2 letter symbol for elements
Atoms
positively charged particles in the nucleus
Protons
neutrally charged particles in the nucleus
Neutrons
negatively charged particles in outer shell
Electrons
- Number of P+ in the nucleus
-the same number of E-
-written with a small number to the lower left -1H
atomic number
average of the weight of all isotopes
atomic weight
atoms with different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus (changes in mass number)
isotopes
2 or more atoms make up (same or different)
molecule
different atoms make up….?
molecules of a compound
solvent and solutes in specific concentrations
solution
(emulsions) milky and can change from solid to liquid
colloids
-chemically inert or nonreactive
-outermost energy level or shell is full or contains 8E
Noble gases
atoms outermost energy level that will bond with another atom
valence shell
-atoms lose and gain electrons
-usually salts and crystals
ionic bonds
-shared electrons
-may share one or more, chemically written with lines according to the number of E- shared
covalent bonds
-bind atoms together with a hydrogen bond
-does not form a molecule
-hydrogen bonds
hydrogen bonds
what are the factors influencing rates of chemical reactions?
temperature, concentration, particle size, and catalyst
substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions
catalyst
