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Psychology/Socialogy > Chapter 3- Biology and Behavior > Flashcards

Chapter 3- Biology and Behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and Spinal cord

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Nerve cells that send messages between central nervous system and other parts of body

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3
Q

Neurons

A

Nerve cells that communicate with each other, that go through the body.

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4
Q

Cell Body

A

Produces energy that fuels neurons

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5
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive information from neurons and passes information through

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6
Q

Axon

A

Takes message away from cell body

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7
Q

Myelin

A

Fatty substance that insulates and protects axon

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8
Q

Axon terminals

A

Small fibers at the end of axon

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9
Q

Synapse

A

Junction between the axon terminals of one neuron and dendrites of another

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10
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Involves control of muscles
Involved with learning and memory
Damaged makes memories impaired

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11
Q

Dopamine

A

Motor Behavior
Plays role in Parkinson’s disease
Too much gives you schizophrenia

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12
Q

Hindbrain

A

Control of vital functions

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13
Q

Midbrain

A

Controls sight and hearing

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14
Q

Forebrain

A

Controls complex functions

Thoughts and emotions

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15
Q

Medulla

A

Vital functions
Heart Rate, blood pressure, and breathing
Hindbrain

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16
Q

Pons

A

Regulating body movements, attention, sleep, and alertness

Hindbrain

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17
Q

Cerebellum

A

Balance and coordination

Hindbrain

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18
Q

Reticular activating system

A

Important for attention, sleep, and arousal

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19
Q

Thalamus

A

Serves as a relay station for sensory stimulation

Forebrain

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20
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Vital to regulate body temperature, storage of nutrients, and motivation/ emotion
Forebrain

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21
Q

Limbic system

A

Forms a border around the brain stem

Forebrain

22
Q

Cerebrum

A

Forebrain

Conscious and intelligence activities

23
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

Outer layer of brain

Memory Language Emotions Complex motor functions Perception

24
Q

Cerebral Cortex General

A

Two hemispheres
Corpus Callosum connects them
Four lobes

25
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Sight

26
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Hearing

27
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Receives skin sensory information

28
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

Behind forehead

Emotions and Judgement

29
Q

Broca Area

A

Controls face for speaking

Left hemisphere

30
Q

Wernicke Area

A

Puts sight and hearing together

Left hemisphere

31
Q

Left Hemisphere

A

Language
Logic
Problem Solving
Mathematical

32
Q

Right Hemisphere

A

Imagination
Art
Feeling
Spatial Relations

33
Q

Lesions

A

Cutting, removing, or destroying part of the brain

34
Q

Electrical Stimulation

A

Used in humans to relieve pin and control violent behavior

35
Q

Noradrenaline

A

Preparing body for action

36
Q

Serotonin

A

Involved in emotional arousal and sleep

37
Q

Electroencephalogram (EFG)

A

Records electrical activity in the brain

38
Q

CAT Scans

A

Three dimensional view of the brain

39
Q

PET Scan

A

Person injected with radioactive sugar to show active locations in the brain

40
Q

Functional MRI

A

Shows part of the brain is active during which activity

41
Q

Hormones

A

Substances that are distributed that controls growth, affects behavior, and emotional responses

42
Q

The Pituitary Gland

Master Gland

A

Stimulated by the hypothalamus

Affects adrenals, thyroid, and sexual organs

43
Q

Human Growth Hormones

A

Regulates growth of muscles, bones, and glands.

44
Q

Thyroid Gland

A

Produces thyroxin that affects metabolism

45
Q

Adrenal Gland

A

Produces Cortical Steroids that reduces stress and promotes muscle development.
Produces adrenaline and noradrenaline

46
Q

Heredity

A

Passing of traits from parents to children

Psychological traits can also be passed on (Behavior and Intelligence)

47
Q

Nature

A

What people inherit (genetics)

Appearance, intelligence, abilities in various subjects

48
Q

Nurture

A

Environmental Factors

Family, education, experiences, and cultures

49
Q

Identical Twins

A

Genetic Makeup is 100%

Differences are created by environment

50
Q

Fraternal Twins

A

50% Genetic Makeup

Differences are inherited and environmental

Psychology/Socialogy (4 decks)

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