Chapter 3- Biology and Behavior

Question 1

Central Nervous System

Answer 1

Brain and Spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 2

Nerve cells that send messages between central nervous system and other parts of body

Question 3

Neurons

Answer 3

Nerve cells that communicate with each other, that go through the body.

Question 4

Cell Body

Answer 4

Produces energy that fuels neurons

Question 5

Dendrites

Answer 5

Receive information from neurons and passes information through

Question 6

Axon

Answer 6

Takes message away from cell body

Question 7

Myelin

Answer 7

Fatty substance that insulates and protects axon

Question 8

Axon terminals

Answer 8

Small fibers at the end of axon

Question 9

Synapse

Answer 9

Junction between the axon terminals of one neuron and dendrites of another

Question 10

Acetylcholine

Answer 10

Involves control of muscles
Involved with learning and memory
Damaged makes memories impaired

Question 11

Dopamine

Answer 11

Motor Behavior
Plays role in Parkinson’s disease
Too much gives you schizophrenia

Question 12

Hindbrain

Answer 12

Control of vital functions

Question 13

Midbrain

Answer 13

Controls sight and hearing

Question 14

Forebrain

Answer 14

Controls complex functions

Thoughts and emotions

Question 15

Medulla

Answer 15

Vital functions
Heart Rate, blood pressure, and breathing
Hindbrain

Question 16

Pons

Answer 16

Regulating body movements, attention, sleep, and alertness

Hindbrain

Question 17

Cerebellum

Answer 17

Balance and coordination

Hindbrain

Question 18

Reticular activating system

Answer 18

Important for attention, sleep, and arousal

Question 19

Thalamus

Answer 19

Serves as a relay station for sensory stimulation

Forebrain

Question 20

Hypothalamus

Answer 20

Vital to regulate body temperature, storage of nutrients, and motivation/ emotion
Forebrain

Question 21

Limbic system

Answer 21

Forms a border around the brain stem

Forebrain

Question 22

Cerebrum

Answer 22

Forebrain

Conscious and intelligence activities

Question 23

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 23

Outer layer of brain

Memory Language Emotions Complex motor functions Perception

Question 24

Cerebral Cortex General

Answer 24

Two hemispheres
Corpus Callosum connects them
Four lobes

Question 25

Occipital Lobe

Answer 25

Sight

Question 26

Temporal Lobe

Answer 26

Hearing

Question 27

Parietal Lobe

Answer 27

Receives skin sensory information

Question 28

Frontal Lobe

Answer 28

Behind forehead | Emotions and Judgement

Question 29

Broca Area

Answer 29

Controls face for speaking | Left hemisphere

Question 30

Wernicke Area

Answer 30

Puts sight and hearing together | Left hemisphere

Question 31

Left Hemisphere

Answer 31

Language Logic Problem Solving Mathematical

Question 32

Right Hemisphere

Answer 32

Imagination Art Feeling Spatial Relations

Question 33

Lesions

Answer 33

Cutting, removing, or destroying part of the brain

Question 34

Electrical Stimulation

Answer 34

Used in humans to relieve pin and control violent behavior

Question 35

Noradrenaline

Answer 35

Preparing body for action

Question 36

Serotonin

Answer 36

Involved in emotional arousal and sleep

Question 37

Electroencephalogram (EFG)

Answer 37

Records electrical activity in the brain

Question 38

CAT Scans

Answer 38

Three dimensional view of the brain

Question 39

PET Scan

Answer 39

Person injected with radioactive sugar to show active locations in the brain

Question 40

Functional MRI

Answer 40

Shows part of the brain is active during which activity

Question 41

Hormones

Answer 41

Substances that are distributed that controls growth, affects behavior, and emotional responses

Question 42

The Pituitary Gland | Master Gland

Answer 42

Stimulated by the hypothalamus | Affects adrenals, thyroid, and sexual organs

Question 43

Human Growth Hormones

Answer 43

Regulates growth of muscles, bones, and glands.

Question 44

Thyroid Gland

Answer 44

Produces thyroxin that affects metabolism

Question 45

Adrenal Gland

Answer 45

Produces Cortical Steroids that reduces stress and promotes muscle development. Produces adrenaline and noradrenaline

Question 46

Heredity

Answer 46

Passing of traits from parents to children | Psychological traits can also be passed on (Behavior and Intelligence)

Question 47

Nature

Answer 47

What people inherit (genetics) | Appearance, intelligence, abilities in various subjects

Question 48

Nurture

Answer 48

Environmental Factors | Family, education, experiences, and cultures

Question 49

Identical Twins

Answer 49

Genetic Makeup is 100% | Differences are created by environment

Question 50

Fraternal Twins

Answer 50

50% Genetic Makeup | Differences are inherited and environmental