Chapter 3 (Biology) Flashcards
Acetylcholine function
Motor movement
Dopamine deficiency
Parkinson
Endorphins
Pain control
Endorphins involved in
Addiction
GABA🥱
Inhibitory
Glutamate
Excitatory
Norepinephrine
Alertness
Serotonin🙂
Mood
Clinical Depression is due to lack of
Serotonin
Depressions also in low
Norepinephrine
Neurotransmitters that are involved in mirror movement
Acetylcholine and dopamine
Efferent neurons are
Motor neurons
Efferent neurons take information from the ———-to the rest of the body
Brain
Afferent neurons are
Sensory neurons
Afferent neurons take information from the ————- to the brain
Senses
Central nervous system consists of ———and ————
Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system is divided into two categories————and ————
Somatic and autonomic
Somatic nervous system controls——-
Voluntary muscle movement
Autonomic nervous system controls
Automatic functions of the body
Autonomic nervous system is divided into
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
The ———-nervous system is activated in stress
Sympathetic
The nervous system that slows down our bodies is
Parasympathetic
EEG detects
Brain waves
which brain test is used in sleep research
EEG
Computerized axial tomography (cat scan or ct scan ) shows
3d image of the brain structure
Ct scan doesn’t show
Brain function or activity
Ct scan uses
X-ray
MRI uses————-fields
Magnetic fields
MRI gives information about
Structure of the brain
PET scan stands for
Positron emission tomography
PET scan shows
Brain activity during certain tasks
Functional MRI shows
Brain structure and blood flow
Three major section of the brain
Forebrain hindbrain and midbrain
Hindbrain consists of
Pons medulla and cerebullum
Medulla function
Controls vital functions
Pons function
Facial expression
Cerebellum means
Little brain
Cerebellum function
Coordination of muscle movement
Midbrain location
Between forebrain and hindbrain
Midbrain contains
Reticular formation
Reticular formation controls
General body alertness
Damage to reticular formation causes
Deep coma
Thalamus receives———from the spinal cord and sends them to appropriate areas in the
Sensory The brain
Hypothalamus controls
Hormone(endocrine) Temperature Hunger Thirst Sexual arousal(libido) Metabolic functions Biological ryhtm
Amygdala is responsible for
Emotions
Memories are processed in
The amygdala
True or false
Memories are processed but not stored in the amygdala
True
Contra lateral control in the brain means
Each hemisphere gets sensory messages and controls motor functions of the opposite side
Corpus callosum connects
The two brain hemispheres
True or false
Cerebral cortex has eight lobes
True
Association areas in the cerebral cortex are
Areas if the cortex that are don’t receive sensory information or control muscle movement
Example judgement and humor
Prefrontal cortex plays an important role in
Thought process
judgment
emotional control
Language areas in the brain are
Wernicke’s
Broca’s
Wernicke’s area is located in which brain lobe
Temporal lobe
Broca,s area is located in ———- and controls————-
The LEFT hemisphere
Muscles involved in speech
Motor cortex is in which brain lobe
Frontal
Parietal lobes of the brain contain
Sensory cortex
Occipital lobes contains
Visual cortex
Impulses from right half of each retina are processed in which brain cortex
Right occipital
Temporal lobes processes
Sound
Temporal lobe have which language area
Wernicke’s
Damage to Wernicke’s area In the temporal lobe affects our ability to
Understand language
Written and spoken speech are processed in
Wernicke’s area
Brain plasticity means
Parts of the brain can adapt to perform other functions if needed.
The endocrine system is controlled in the brain by which part of the brain
Hypothalamus
Adrenal glands produce
Adrenaline
True or false
Most human traits result from the combined effect of nature(genes) and nurture(environment)
True
Down syndrome are born with ——-and gave————
One extra chromosome
Mental retardation
Business
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