Chapter 3: Anatomy & Kinesiology; Muscular System

Question 1

Muscular system: the 3 types of muscle tissue

Answer 1

1) Skeletal; attached to bones; under voluntary control 2) Cardiac; 3) Smooth muscle

Question 2

Muscular system: # of skeletal muscles in the body, and # of primary movement ones.

Answer 2

over 600 and approximately 100.

Question 3

Muscular system: muscles are generally “anchored” to the skeleton by ______

Answer 3

tendons

Question 4

Muscular system: what do you call a tendon that is flat and broad?

Answer 4

an aponeurosis

Question 5

Muscular system: when the muscle fibers run in line with the pull of the muscle it’s called a what?

Answer 5

parallel arrangement

Question 6

Muscular system: when the muscle fibers run obliquely or at an angle to the line of the pull it’s called a what?

Answer 6

pennate arrangement

Question 7

Muscular system: Pennate muscles can be classified in 3 different ways according to the fibers on the tendon)

Answer 7

1) Unipennate (fibers only on one side) 2) Bipennate (fibers on both sides 2) Multipennate (2 or more)

Question 8

Muscular system: Muscles can be described on the basis of the number of joints upon which they act. what are the 3 different names?

Answer 8

1) Uniarticular (causes motion at 1 joint) 2) Biarticular (2 joints) 3) Multiarticular

Question 9

Muscular system: the muscle attachment that is usually more stationary and proximal is called what?

Answer 9

the origin

Question 10

Muscular system: the muscle attachment that is located on the bone that moves more and is usually located more distally is called what?

Answer 10

the insertion

Question 11

Muscular system: Muscles can be classified according to their roles during movement. 1) When a muscle or group of muscles is responsible for the action or movement it is called what? 2) the opposing group of muscles is called? 3) most movements also involve other muscles called? 4) the simultaneous of the agonist and the antagonist is called?

Answer 11

1) a prime mover, or agonist 2) the antagonist 3) synergists 4) Co-contraction

Question 12

Muscular system: Muscles that have a parallel arrangement and are spindle shaped, tapering at each end are called what?

Answer 12

Fusiform muscles

Question 13

Muscular system: Muscles that are strap-like with parallel fibers are called what?

Answer 13

Longitudinal muscles

Question 14

Muscular system: Muscles that four-sided, are usually flat, and consist of parallel fibers are called what?

Answer 14

Quadrate muscles

Question 15

Muscular system: Muscles that contain fibers that radiate from a narrow attachment at one end to a broad attachment at the other are called what?

Answer 15

Fan-shaped or triangular