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Theories of Personality > Chapter 3: Alfred Adler > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Alfred Adler Flashcards

1
Q

presents an optimistic view of people while resting
heavily on the notion of social interest, that is, a feeling of oneness with all
humankind.

A

Individual Psychology

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2
Q

What motivates people according to Alder?

A

social influences and by their striving for
superiority or success

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3
Q

Who is responsible for how people act?

A

Themselves

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4
Q

What shapes the present behavior of people in Individual Psychology?

A

View of the future

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5
Q

What is Alder’s view on psychologically healthy people?

A

They are aware of what they are doing/ they are conscious about their actions

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6
Q

Where was Adler born?

A

Rudolfsheim, Austria

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7
Q

When was Alfred Adler born?

A

February 7, 1870

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8
Q

What age did Adler have pneumonia?

A

5

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9
Q

Adler’s parents

A

Pauline and Leopold

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10
Q

What experience made Adler want to become a physician?

A

death of a brother and when he nearly died of pneumonia

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11
Q

His brother and rival

A

Sigmund Adler

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12
Q

What is Adler’s view?

A

y. To Adler, people are born with weak, inferior bodies—a condition
that leads to feelings of inferiority and a consequent dependence on other people

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13
Q

First tenet of Adlerian theory

A

The one dynamic force behind people’s behavior is the striving for success or superiority.

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14
Q

What is the final goal of Alfred Adler’s Psychology?

A

unifies personality and renders all behavior comprehensible.

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15
Q

What creates the Final goal?

A

creative power

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16
Q

What is the striving force for compensation?

A

People strive for superiority or success as a means of compensation for feelings
of inferiority or weakness

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17
Q

What is Striving for superiority?

A

Striving for personal gain. Domination over others.

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18
Q

Exaggerated feelings of inferiority

A

Inferiority complex

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19
Q

people who strive for personal gain are those psychologically healthy people who are motivated by social interest and the success of all humankind.

A

Striving for success

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20
Q

What is Adler’s second tenet?

A

People’s subjective perceptions shape their behavior and personality

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21
Q

What is fictionalism?

A

ideas that have no real existence, yet they
influence people as if they really existed

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22
Q

people develop a fiction or belief system about how to overcome these physical deficiencies and become big, strong, and superior

A

physical inferiorities

23
Q

Third tenet of Adlerian theory

A

Personality is unified and self-consistent.
In choosing the term individual psychology

24
Q

the deficient organ/inferior aspect expresses the
direction of the individual’s goal

A

Organ dialect

25
Q

What is unconscious according to Adlerian theory?

A

that part of the goal that is neither clearly formulated nor completely understood by the individual.

26
Q

What is the fourth tenet of Adlerian theory?

A

The value of all human activity must be seen from the viewpoint of social interest. For the benefit of humanity.

27
Q

was ist gemeinschaftsgeist?

A

strives not for personal superiority but for perfection for all people in an ideal community.

28
Q

Was bedeutet gemeinschaftsgeist auf englisch

A

community feeling or social feeling/interest

29
Q

term Adler used to refer to the flavor of a person’s life. It includes a person’s goal, self-concept, feelings for others, and attitude toward the world. It is the product of the interaction of heredity, environment, and a person’s creative power

A

Style of life

30
Q

When is style of life established according to Adler?

A

4 to 5 years old

31
Q

What is the fifth tenet of Adlerian theory?

A

The self-consistent personality structure develops into a person’s style of life

32
Q

What is the final tenet of Adlerian theory

A

Style of life is molded by people’s

creative power

33
Q

places them in control of their own lives,
is responsible for their final goal, determines their method of striving for that goal, and contributes to the development of social interest. In short, creative power makes
each person a free individual

A

Creative power

34
Q

the one factor underlying all types of maladjustments

A

Underdeveloped social interest

35
Q

3 reasons for neurotics

A
  1. set their goals too high
  2. have their own private world
  3. rigid style of life
36
Q

External factors for maladjustment

A
  1. exaggerated physical deficiencies
  2. pampered style of life
  3. neglected style of life
37
Q

they tend to be overly concerned with themselves and lack consideration for others

A

Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies

38
Q

They expect others to look after them, overprotect them, and satisfy their needs. They are characterized by extreme discouragement, indecisiveness, oversensitivity, impatience, and exaggerated emotion, especially anxiety

A

Pampered Style of Life

39
Q

Children who feel unloved and unwanted

A

Neglected Style of Life

40
Q

people create patterns of behavior to protect their exaggerated sense of self-esteem against public disgrace

A

Safeguarding Tendencies

41
Q

protect a weak—but artificially inflated—sense of self-worth and deceive people into believing that they are more superior than they really are. One of the most commonly used. Deflection of problems.

A

Excuses

42
Q

one of the most common safeguarding method used by people to protect their fragile self-esteem. Directly confronts issues.

A

Aggression

43
Q

the tendency to undervalue other people’s achievements and to overvalue one’s own

A

Depreciation

44
Q

the tendency to blame others for one’s own mistakes

A

Accusation

45
Q

people devalue themselves in order to inflict suffering on others while protecting their own magnified feelings of self-esteem

A

Self-accusation

46
Q

safeguarding through distance

A

Withdrawal

47
Q

psychologically reverting to a more secure period of life

A

Moving backward

48
Q

They safeguard their fictional aspirations because they never do anything to prove that they cannot accomplish their goals

A

Standing still

49
Q

wasting time

A

hesitating

50
Q

Some people build a straw house (easy to solve issues) to show that they can knock it down. To create a hoax sense of capability.

A

constructing obstacles

51
Q

cultural and social practices—not anatomy—influence many men and women to overemphasize the importance of being manly

A

Masculine protest

52
Q

what is the purpose of Adlerian therapy?

A

the chief purpose of Adlerian psychotherapy is to enhance courage, lessen feelings of inferiority, and encourage social interest

Establish courage, promote social interest, and lessen feelings of inferiority.

53
Q

what are firstborns according to Adlerian theory?

A

intensified feelings of power and superiority, high anxiety, and overprotective tendencies

54
Q

what are secondborns according to Adlerian theory?

A

Highly motivated
Cooperative
Moderately competitive
Highly competitive
Easily discouraged

Theories of Personality (7 decks)

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