Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

How do carry out ultracentrifugation for animal cells?

A

tube of filtrate placed in centrifuge and spun at low speed

  • heaviest organelles (nuclei) forged to bottom of tube forming a pellet
  • Fluid at top of tube (the supernatant) is removed leaving the pellet
  • supernatant is transferred to another tube and spun faster than before
  • process repeated with greater speed each time
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2
Q

How do you work out magnification?

A

Size of image / size of real object

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3
Q

Why cells were taken from the root tipped squashed to get images in a optical microscope of the cell cycle

A

Root tip- region where mitosis/cell division occurs

Squash - to allow light through

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4
Q

Contrast the structure of a bacterial cell and the structure of a human cell

A
  1. Bacterial cell is much smaller than a human
    cell;
  2. Bacterial cell has a cell wall but human cell does not;
  3. Bacterial cell lacks a nucleus but human cell has a nucleus;
  4. Bacterial cell lacks membrane-bound organelles but human cell has membrane- bound organelles;
  5. Bacterial ribosomes smaller than human ribosomes / bacteria have 70S ribosomes whereas humans have 80S ribosomes;
  6. Bacterial DNA is circular but human DNA is linear;
  7. Bacterial DNA is ‘naked’ whereas human DNA is bound to histones/proteins;
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