Chapter 3

Question 0

The purchase of church offices

Answer 0

Simony

Question 1

The dominant power in Europe until the late sixteenth century

Answer 1

The Catholic Church

Question 2

The occupation of more than one church office

Answer 2

Pluralism

Question 3

Neglect of a position in the church

Answer 3

Absenteeism

Question 4

Authored “Defender of the Peace”

Argued for church subordination to state and should be governed by a council

Answer 4

Marsiglio of Padua

Question 5

Councils which unite the church under a pope.

Conciliar Movement

Answer 5

Councils of Pisa and Constance

Question 6

Leader of the Lollards
Criticizes vices of the clergy
Questions the papal authority and transubstantiation
Translates Bible into English

Answer 6

John Wycliffe

Question 7

Czech priest burned at the Council of Constance
Similar doctrine to John Wycliffe
Leader of the Hussites

Answer 7

John Huss

Question 8

Authors “Book of Martyrs” based on Hussite and Lollard thought

Answer 8

John Foxe

Question 9

Sought direct knowledge of God through personal connection

Fostered the regular meeting of lay people in the Rhine Valley

Answer 9

Meister Eckhard and Thomas à Kempis

Question 10

Authors “The Imitation of Christ”

Answer 10

Thomas à Kempis

Question 11

Fosters communal life for lay people in the Low Countries. Brethren of the Common Life ran schools guided by Christian morals

Answer 11

Gerard Groote

Question 12

Multiple popes claim legitimacy, disorienting the Catholic Church

Answer 12

The Great Schism

Question 13

Muscovy leader known for cruel punishment

Blamed illness of state on the Boyars

Answer 13

Vlad III Dracula

Question 14

Constitution of the Holy Roman Empire

Made emperors elective, dependent on seven sectors

Answer 14

The Golden Bull

Question 15

Pope to obtain legitimacy after the Great Schism, reuniting the Catholic Church

Answer 15

Pope Martin V

Question 16

Conflict between England and France caused by both sides’ attempts to gain the other’s land

Answer 16

The Hundred Years’ War

Question 17

French soldier who rallied troops to victory over England in the Hundred Years’ War.

Answer 17

Joan of Arc

Question 18

War between the houses of Lancaster and York for the possession of the throne.
Ended with the Tudor Dynasty taking power

Answer 18

The War of the Roses

Question 19

French direct tax on salt levied during the Hundred Years’ War.

Answer 19

The Gabelle

Question 20

French income tax levied during the Hundred Years’ War.

Answer 20

The Taille

Question 21

Post-Hundred Years’ War, english nationalist author.

Authors the “Canterbury Tales”

Answer 21

Geoffrey Chaucer

Question 22

Post-Hundred Years’ War French nationalist author and poet

Answer 22

Francois Villon

Question 23

French peasant uprisings caused by excessive taxation

Answer 23

The Jacqueries

Question 24

Florentine peasant uprising caused by excessive taxation

Answer 24

The Ciompi Revolt

Question 25

Ruthless French king obsessed with expansion and centralization

Answer 25

Louis XI

Question 26

Marriage unites Spain

Answer 26

Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile

Question 27

Royally sponsored league supporting Spanish sheep farming

Answer 27

The Mesta

Question 28

Attempt to rid Spain of Muslim and Jewish influence | Based on the beliefs of Isabella of Castile

Answer 28

The Spanish Inquisition

Question 29

Isabella of Castile's idea which caused the Spanish Inquisition

Answer 29

Limpieza de Sangre (Purity of Blood)

Question 30

Author of "The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy"

Answer 30

Jacob Burckhardt

Question 31

Study of the writings and ideas of the classical past

Answer 31

Humanism

Question 32

Idea with emphasis on the individual instead of the group

Answer 32

Individualism

Question 33

The essence of being a man through demonstration of courage and cleverness

Answer 33

Virtù

Question 34

Leading members of the Platonic Academy

Answer 34

Marsilio Ficino and Pico della mirandola

Question 35

Pope who commissioned the Sistine Chapel

Answer 35

Sixtus IV

Question 36

Pope who hired Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel ceiling

Answer 36

Julius II

Question 37

Authors "The Divine Comedy" | Reason can only carry man so far before faith must take over

Answer 37

Dante Alighieri

Question 38

Classical styled author best known for sonnets

Answer 38

Francesco Petrarch

Question 39

Author of "The Decameron" | Tales to entertain, not inform

Answer 39

Giovanni Boccaccio

Question 40

Authors "The Book of the Courtier" | Exemplifies proper etiquette and chivalry

Answer 40

Baldassare Castiglione

Question 41

Renaissance painter who uses chiaroscuro Use of light and shadow to imitate depth Father of renaissance painting

Answer 41

Giotto

Question 42

Produces first bronze statue since classical times Father of renaissance sculpture Creates "David"

Answer 42

Donatello

Question 43

Exemplifies naturalism in art with "Expulsion of Adam and Eve"

Answer 43

Masaccio

Question 44

Creates "the Last Supper" and the "Mona Lisa"

Answer 44

Leonardo da Vinci

Question 45

Example of renaissance grace and style in "The School of Athens"

Answer 45

Raphael

Question 46

Produces "David" and the Sistine chapel Ceiling | Work is a bridge to mannerism

Answer 46

Michelangelo

Question 47

Coined the term humanism

Answer 47

Leonardo Bruni

Question 48

Authored "Elegances of the Latin Language"

Answer 48

Lorenzo Valla

Question 49

Authored "The Prince" Ends justify means Better to be feared than loved

Answer 49

Machiavelli

Question 50

Invents moving type, allowing quick spread of ideas

Answer 50

Johann Gutenburg

Question 51

Gives realism and individuality to the art of woodcut

Answer 51

Albrecht Dürer

Question 52

Bawdy epic "Gargantua and Pantagruel" exemplify renaissance style and erudition

Answer 52

Francois Rabelais

Question 53

Dutch Christian humanist Makes new translations of Greek and Latin bibles Authors "In Praise of Folly" satirizing the clergy

Answer 53

Desiderius Erasmus

Question 54

English humanist | Authored "Utopia"

Answer 54

Thomas More

Question 55

Portuguese prince who supported exploration

Answer 55

Prince Henry the Navigator

Question 56

Explorer to reach India

Answer 56

Vasco de Gama

Question 57

Led Spanish expedition to the west

Answer 57

Christopher Columbus

Question 58

Spanish explorer traveled coast of America

Answer 58

Amerigo Vespucci

Question 59

Led voyage of first circumnavigation

Answer 59

Ferdinand Magellan

Question 60

Conquers the Aztec empire

Answer 60

Hernan Cortes

Question 61

Conquers Inca empire

Answer 61

Francisco Pizarro