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Computer Network - CS610 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens in network

A

Encode data as energy. This energy can be electrical, light, radio, sound. Transmit that energy. Decode that energy at destination into data.

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2
Q

What are types of transmission media

A

copper, glass, air, radio wave signals, coaxial cable

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3
Q

Why copper wire use widely

A

Because of low resistance to electric current, inexpensive, easy to install

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4
Q

What are 2 major types of transmission media

A
  1. Guided media (Physical path e.g. copper wire)

2. Unguided media (No physical path e.g. radio wave)

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5
Q

What about optical fiber

A

It uses light for transmission

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6
Q

What are transponder and transreceivers

A

They send and receive data

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7
Q

What are geosynchronous satellites

A

Placed in an orbit of 35785 km and sync with the rotation of earth

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8
Q

What are low earth satellites

A

Rotates faster than rotation of earth at 200-400 miles above on earth. They are in arrays. It means they communicate with each other and with the earth.

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9
Q

What is the difference between RF (radio frequency) and microwave

A

Microwave is electromagnetic radiation which can carry more data than low frequency RF transmissions

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10
Q

What is infrared

A

Also known as IR. Remote control use it. It is inexpensive wireless communication and is limited to small area.

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11
Q

What is asynchronous communication

A

In asynchronous communication, the sender and receiver do not need to sync before the transmission begin. In this technology, the receiving hardware must be ready to accept and interpret signal whenever it arrives.

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12
Q

What are standards in communication

A

Standard specifies both the timing of the signals and the electrical details of voltage and current.

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13
Q

What is most widely used standard for communication

A

RS232-C

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14
Q

Does character start with a start bit (0) and ends with the stop bit (1) in RS232-C

A

Yes

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15
Q

What is baud rate

A

The number of changes in the signal per second

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16
Q

What is bps

A

bits / second

17
Q

What is framing error

A

If the voltage measurement do not all agree or if the stop bit does not occur exactly at the same time expected, framing error occurs.

18
Q

What is full duplex asynchronous communication

A

It is type of asynchronous communication. In this, electrical circuit requires at least two wires, one of them to carry the data signal, the other is used as the return path, called ground. This simultaneous transfer in two directions are known as full-duplex transmission. The data send and receives on both sides at the same time.

19
Q

What is modulation

A

We use a high frequency signal and send our information on it for long distance communication. On receiving site, we demodulate signals. To send data, transmitter slightly modifies the original information by using a carrier. Such modifications are called modulation.

20
Q

What are 3 types of modulation

A
  1. AM (amplitude modulation)
  2. FM (Frequency modulation)
  3. PM (Phase Modulation)
21
Q

What is amplitude modulation

A

Only amplitude changes

22
Q

What is frequency modulation

A

Only frequency changes

23
Q

What is phase modulation

A

Only phase changes and amplitude, frequency remain constant.

24
Q

What is modem

A

Modem is a hardware device that combines both modulator and demodulator in a single device.

25
Q

What is modulator

A

A modulator is a hardware circuit that

  • Accepts Sequence of data bits
  • Applies modulation to a carrier wave according to the bits.
26
Q

What is demodulator

A

A demodulator is a hardware circuit that

  • accepts a modulated carrier wave
  • recreates the sequence of data bits
27
Q

What is multiplexing

A

Transmit two or more signals simultaneously over a single wire. It can be done by using different carrier frequencies.

28
Q

What are 3 types of multiplexing

A
  1. FDM (Frequency division multiplexing)
  2. WDM (Wave division multiplexing)
  3. TDM (Time division multiplexing)
29
Q

What is FDM

A

Using multiple carrier frequencies to allow independent signals to travel through a shared channel.

30
Q

What is WDM

A

Same concept at FDM with a difference of using optical fibers

31
Q

What is TDM

A

Same concept but sources takes turns to send data

32
Q

What is the difference between statistical and synchronous TDM

A

Synchronous TDM gives each source opportunity to send data and statistical TDM does not give chance to a source that does not have data to send.

Computer Network - CS610 (42 decks)

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