Chapter 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What are the three groups of chordates?

A

Lancelets- no backbone or well developed head
Tunicate- “
Vertebrates. Has a backbone, well developed head and skull of cartilidge and bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Identify and describe body parts of a chordates

A

Hollow nerve cord - runs along the back and is full of fluid

Noto chord - a stiff but flexible rod that gives the body support

Pharyngeal pouch - develop into gills or other body parts as embryo matures

Tail - some chordates only have a tail in the embryo stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Endotherms

A

An animal that can use body heat from chemical reaction in the body cells to maintain a constant body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ectotherms

A

An organism that needs sources of heat outside itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the characteristics of fish?

A

Fins, scales and strong muscles
Brain, sensitive vision, hearing and smell and lateral line system
Gills and reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define the two types of fish reproduction

A

External fertilization - the female lays unfertilized eggs in the water and the male drops the sperm on them

Internal fertilization - the male deposits the sperm inside the female. Usually the female then lays fertilized eggs that have embryo inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name and explain the three classes of fish

A

Jawless fish - they don’t have jaws, smooth slimey skin,mound jawless mouth and have a notochord but no backbone. They do not need jaws to eat. Example: Hagfish and Lampreys

Cartilaginous fish - fully functional jaws, constantly move, store a lot of oil in the liver. Expert predators. Ex: sharks skates and rays

Boney fish - skeleton made of bone, boney scales, have a swim bladder. The scales lesson the friction of the fish in the water. Ex: lung fish, masked butterfly fish and pikes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the two groups of boney fish and their characteristics

A

Ray-fin fish - paired fins supported by thin ray’s of bone

Lobe- fin fish - fins that are muscular and thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are amphibians?

A

Animal that can live in water and has lungs and legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define lung

A

A respiratory organ in which oxygen from the air is exchanged with carbon dioxide from the blood. Also is a sach like organ.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are characteristics of amphibians ?

A

Thin, smooth and moist skin. Absorbs water.

They go thru metamorphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the stages of amphibian metamorphosis?

A

Fertilized egg
Tadpole with gills
Tadpole with legs
Adult frog with lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the types of amphibian?

A

Caecilians - thin moist skin, no legs, have bony scales

Salamanders - don’t developed as tadpole, long tail, 4 strong legs

Frogs &‘toads - strong legs for jumping, highly adapted to life on land. Well developed ears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a vocal sach?

A

A thin walled sach of skin that surrounds the vocal chords of a frog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why are amphibians known as ecological indicators?

A

Because they are very sensitive to changes in the environment.

Unhealthy amphibian is usually sign of changes in an Environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Three characteristics of reptiles

A

Thick skin: forms a water tight layer that keeps cells from losing water by evaporation.

Body temperature: are active when it is warm outside and they slow down when it is cool

Reproduction: all reptiles lay amniotic eggs

17
Q

What does the amniotic egg do?

Name and describe the five parts of amniotic egg

A

Protects a baby embryo from predators, infections and fluid loss

Shell - protects the egg from damage and keeps it from drying out

Albumen - provides water and protein to the embryo

Amniotic sac - is filled with fluid

Yoke - gives the embryo a rich supply of food

Allantois - stores the embryo waste

18
Q

Do reptiles go thru metamorphosis and how do they reproduce?

A

No. They reproduce by internal fertilization

19
Q

Name the types of reptiles

A

Turtle and tortoise, crocodile and alligator, snakes and lizards, and tuatara.