Chapter 3/5 Flashcards
When does most rapid growth occur in children?
Most rapid growth occurs in the first year.
What percentage of adult brain weight is reached by age five?
Brain development at five years is 90% of adult weight.
What are rhythms in the context of infant behavior?
Rhythms are repetitive cyclical patterns of behavior.
What are important parts of a baby’s rhythms?
Waking, eating, sleeping, and elimination are important parts of a baby’s rhythms.
What does ‘state’ refer to in infants?
State refers to the degree of awareness to both internal and external stimulation.
What are the various state levels of wakeful behaviors in infants?
Levels include alertness, fussing, crying, and different levels of sleep.
What is the basic nerve cell of the nervous system?
The basic nerve cell of the nervous system is a neuron.
How do neurons communicate with other cells?
Neurons communicate through dendrites at one end and axons at the other end.
What is myelin?
Myelin is a protective insulator that speeds up the transmission of chemical messages along the axon.
What does plasticity refer to in neural development?
Plasticity refers to neural responsiveness to environmental experiences.
What is lateralization in cognitive functions?
Lateralization is the increasing dominance in one hemisphere for different functions.
What are reflexes?
Reflexes are unlearned involuntary responses to stimuli.
What are norms in the context of performance?
Norms are the average performance of a large sample that masks individual differences.
What is perception?
Perception is the interpretation and analysis of stimuli from the senses.
What is multimodal perception?
Multimodal perception is the collection, integration, and coordination of various sensory information.
What is presbyopia?
Presbyopia is the loss of near vision, usually beginning to appear at age 40.
What are gross motor skills?
Gross motor skills are large motor achievements.
What are fine motor skills?
Fine motor skills are small motor achievements.
What is presbycusis?
Presbycusis is the inability to hear loud pitched sounds.
