Chapter 3

Question 1

Disparate Treatment

Answer 1

A theory of discrimination based on different treatments given to individuals because of their race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or disability status.

Question 2

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Answer 2

The law that authorizes the federal government to establish and enforce occupational safety and health standards for all places of employment engaging in interstate commerce.

Question 3

Utilization Analysis

Answer 3

A comparison of the race, sex, and ethnic composition of an employer’s workforce with that of the available labor supply.

Question 4

Goals and Timetables

Answer 4

The part of a written affirmative action plan that specifies the percentage of women and minorities that an employer seeks to have in each job group and the date by which that percentage is to be attained

Question 5

Standard Deviation Rule

Answer 5

A rule used to analyze employment tests to determine disparate impact; it uses the difference between the expected representation for minority groups and the actual representation to determine whether the difference between the two is greater than would occur by chance.

Question 6

Four-fifths rule

Answer 6

A rule that states that an employment test has disparate impact if the hiring rate for a minority group is less than 4/5’s, or 80% of the hiring rate for the majority group.

Question 7

Disparate Impact

Answer 7

A theory of discrimination based on facially neutral employment practices that disproportionately exclude a protected group from employment opportunities.

Question 8

Technic of Operations Review

Answer 8

Method of determining safety problems via an analysis of past accidents.

Question 9

Job Hazard Analysis Technique

Answer 9

A breakdown of each job into basic elements, each of which is rated for its potential for harm or injury

Question 10

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Answer 10

The government commission to ensure that all individuals have an equal opportunity for employment, regardless of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin.

Question 11

Safety Awareness Programs

Answer 11

Employer programs that attempt to instill symbolic and substantive changes in the organization’s emphasis on safety

Question 12

Equal Employment Opportunity

Answer 12

The government’s attempt to ensure that all individuals have an equal opportunity for employment, regardless of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability or national origin

Question 13

Action Steps

Answer 13

The written affirmative plan that specifies what an employer plans to do to reduce under-utilization of protected groups.

Question 14

Reasonable Accommodation

Answer 14

Making facilities readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities.

Question 15

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Answer 15

A 1990 act prohibiting individuals from being discriminated against in the workplace

Question 16

Bona Fide Occupational Qualification

Answer 16

A job qualification based on sex, religion, and so on, that an employer asserts is a necessary qualification for the job

Question 17

General Duty Clause

Answer 17

The provision of the OSHA that states that an employer has an overall obligation to furnish employees with a place of employment free from recognized hazards.