Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False:
DNA is not in free linear strands it is highly condensed and wrapped around nuclear proteins in order to fit inside the nucleus

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is chromatin

A

Complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are histones

A

Chief protein components of chromatin actin as spools around which DNA winds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are exons

A

Coding regions that will be made into mature MRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are introns

A

Noncoding region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the building blocks of DNA/MRNA (4)

A
  1. Thymine/Uracil
  2. Adenine
  3. Cytosine
  4. Guanine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False:

Traits are genes

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What determine how you act, think, and your posture

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why can’t DNA be wound tightly on histones

A

It isn’t able to be unzipped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is acetylation

A

Acetyl groups bind to histones and unravel DNA making transcription possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is methylation

A

Methyl groups bind to DNA and promote condensed chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is transcription

A

DNA to MRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is translation

A

MRNA to proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How are genes arranged

A

In chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes are there

A

23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False:

Each gene is located in a specific position (locus) on a specific chromosome

A

True

17
Q

What is a diploid cell

A

Pairs of chromosomes are present

18
Q

What is a haploid cell

A

Only have half a pair of each chromosome (sperm and egg)

19
Q

What did Gregor Mendel determine

A

Physical make up of parent generation determined the proportion of physical variation in offspring

20
Q

What is an allele

A

A version of a gene

21
Q

What is a genotype

A

Actual gene, allele, base pairs, what protein the gene is coding for

22
Q

What is a phenotype

A

What you see

23
Q

What is a homozygote

A

2 copies of the same allele

24
Q

What is a heterozygote

A

2 different alleles

25
Q

True or False:

All traits have a heritable component

A

True

26
Q

What is leptin

A

A hormone released from fat that tells the body there are adequate amounts of fat stores

27
Q

True or False:

Most trait are influenced by many genes

A

True

28
Q

What is concordance

A

Occurrence of a trait in two people

29
Q

What is monozygotic

A

Identical twins 100% similar genetic material

30
Q

What is dizygotic

A

50% similar genetic material (regular siblings)

31
Q

Is there a debt behind nature or nurture effecting traits and why

A

No it is always both nature and nurture that effect traits

32
Q

What is phenylalanine converted into

A

Tyrosine

33
Q

What happens if you can’t convert phenylalanine into tyrosine

A

It builds up in the body eventually causing mental retardation

34
Q

How can someone with a mutated gene that prevents the conversion of phenylalanine into tyrosine do to prevent mental retardation

A

Eat a diet low in phenylalanine

Neuro (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions