Chapter 3 Flashcards
Nathaniel Bacon
frontier leader in colonial America
plantation
large farm where crops such as sugar, rice, and cotton are grown
pueblo
Spanish civilian town
What geographic factor drew many settlers to the southern colonies?
land for growing crops to export
What type of agriculture developed in the Tidewater region?
small tobacco farms
Who was NOT protected by Maryland’s 1649 Act of Toleration?
non-Christians
What describes New England’s climate?
short warm summers and long snowy winters
What is another mane for the border established between Maryland and Pennsylvania in the 1760s?
the Mason-Dixon Line
Why did the English establish a colony on Roanoke Island?
to provide new markets for English products and raw materials for English industries
What happened when Massachusetts tried to control New Hampshire?
the king eventually granted New Hampshire a separate charter
What did Anne Hutchinson and Thomas Hooker have in common?
both disagreed with Puritan leaders and left Massachusetts
Squanto
Native American who helped the Pilgrims survive
Why did Bacon’s Rebellion collapse?
it’s leader, Nathaniel Bacon, became sick and died
What does the holiday of Thanksgiving commemorate?
The Pilgrims’ 1621 celebration of their good fortune
James Oglethorpe wanted a colony in which
debtors would be protected
What type of established Church did Rhode Island support?
none; people of all faiths could worship freely
What is the difference between a proprietary colony and a royal colony?
The first is run by an individual or family, the second by the king.
Jewish and Amish settlers were both welcome in which of the Middle Colonies?
Pennsylvania
Which Middle Colony was known as “America’s breadbasket”?
Pennsylvania
Since the 1200s, what had been guaranteed by English law?
right to trial by jury
By 1763, three major Spanish settlements in the Florida colony were
centered around forts
The western section of Pennsylvania was considered part of
The backcountry
Why did the Puritans leave England?
to escape persecution by England’s King
Who was King Philip?
Metacom, the chief of the Womanoag
The winter following John Smith’s departure from Jamestown is called
The “starving time”
Why did the pilgrims create the Mayflower Compact?
to help them govern their colony fairly
Which four states made up the Middle Colonies?
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware
What was the main reason that the Spanish established missions?
to convert the Native Americans to Christianity
Why did many enslaved African-Americans flee to Spain’s Florida colony?
they were given land if they helped defend Florida
The Puritans founded their colony to assure freedom of worship for
themselves
What was the main function of the Spanish Borderlands?
to protect Mexico from other European powers
The pilgrims who came to North America in 1620 were also known as
Separatists
The Tidewater is
A flat, often swampy, low land area along the southern coast
Signing the Mayflower Compact represented the second step toward self government in the Americas. Which action represented the first?
electing the House of Burgesses
Powhatan turned against the Jamestown settlers because
The settlers rated Native American villages for food
Which colony began as a Dutch settlement?
New York
What best describes the climate of the southern colonies?
warm and humid
How did Pennsylvania’s founders differ from those of Massachusetts?
Unlike the Puritans, the founders of Pennsylvania believed in religious toleration
The English colonies of New York and New Jersey were originally
proprietary colonies
What was England’s first PERMANENT settlement in North America?
Jamestown
In 1619, a Dutch ship arrived in Virginia caring
20 enslaved Africans
