Chapter 3 Flashcards
Amino acids
Glutamate, gaba,glycine,adpartate
Acetylcholine
A modified amino acid
Monoamines
Serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine
Peptides(chains of amino acids)
Endorphins, substance p,
Different types of neurotransmitter release
Classic transmitters are released into a single synapse.
Neuromodulators are released across a wide area from en passant synapses along long axons ex. Dopamine & serotonin.
Hormones (which can also act as neurotransmitters are released into your blood
Ionotropic receptor
- encoded by multiple genes made up of multiple protein subunits
- faster effect on post synaptic voltage change.
Metabotropic receptor
- encoded by a single gene
- referred to as g-protein coupled receptor
Affinity vs. efficacy
Affinity- strength of binding between ligand and receptor
Efficacy- strength of activation of a receptor
If a receptor agonist has a high affinity and a low efficacy it will:
Bind tightly to the receptor but produce minimal effects
Agonist vs. antagonist
Agonist: bind and act as neurotransmitters
Antagonist: block/inhibit neurotransmitters
Cocaine
Blocks DA transporter, prevents reputable into pre synaptic terminal
Metylphenedate(Ritalin)
Same effect as cocaine bit slower action so less addictive
Amphetamine
Reverses DA transport blocks reuptake and increases DA release
THC
Retrograde transmitter
Inhibits release of synaptic vesicles from the pre synaptic terminal thus providing negetive feedback after pre synaptic activation
Types of neurotransmitters and examples:
Amino acids
acetylcholine
monoamines
peptides
