Chapter 11:Sex Hormones

Question 1

2 ways of Endocrine signaling

Answer 1

Released into blood from gonads(ovaries and testes) and adrenal gland

Question 2

Why are sex hormones lipid soluble?

Answer 2

So they can freely cross cell membranes. Once hormones are in the blood they reach all cells and any that express receptor sites

Question 3

Androgens

Answer 3

Men- testosterone

Question 4

Estrogens

Answer 4

More in women

• estradiol
• progesterone

Question 5

Oxytocin

Answer 5

Peptide hormone - not lipid soluble

Question 6

Type of Steroid hormone

Answer 6

Sex hormone

Question 7

How cells respond to sex hormones

Answer 7

1- activate membrane bound receptor on cell surface(g-protein coupled receptor)

2-activate molecules in cytoplasm(often kinase’s), causing secondary effects such as ion channel gating or transcription factor activation

3-bind to cytoplasmic receptors, translocate to the nucleus as a hormone-receptor complex, bind to DNA and numerous sites and function as a transcription factor, regulating(activating or inhibiting) the transcription of hundreds or even thousands of genes

Question 8

Signaling molecules, chemically derived from cholesterol

Answer 8

Sex hormones