Chapter 3 Flashcards
Human nature
behavioral, motivational, and emotional similarity among people that results from their common evolution history.
Psychological Mechanisms
evolved through natural selection to solve specific problems of adaption to the environment.
Universal motives
are a particular type of psychological mechanism and will be reserved for the commonality of motives among humans that has evolved over their evolutionary history.
Genes
parts of a persons DNA content that provide the information necessary for the construction of proteins, which form the building blocks of the various neurological structures that make up the brain and nervous system.
Romantic Love
a strong attachment that individuals have for one another and promotes long-term commitment.
Mate value
Characteristics that are desired by the other sex
Biosocial theory
change in emphasis from evolution to culture
Structural powerless hypthesis
both men and women want the same financial resources.
Mate poaching
refers to the attempt to attract someone who is already in a romantic relationship in order to form either a short or long term relationship with the poached individual.
Emotional infidelity
Imaging your partner forming a deep emotional attachment to the person
Sexual infidelity
imagining your partner enjoying passionate sexual intercourse with that other persons.
Sexual desire
universal motive that induces sexual behavior for the production of offspring
Evolutionary history
refers to a persons genetic make up or nature and personal history is the persons experiences or nurture.
What women find attractive
Status, Dominance, resources (abilities)
What men find attractive
Traits of reproductive value. (physical, young, good health)
Inis Beag
Little sexual activity, high anxiety about sex or things related to sex
Dani
Have little sex and no anxiety.
Mangaia
Lots of sex and sexual activity little anxiety
Mehinaku
Lots of anxiety Lost of sex
Evolution significance of romantic love
It serves as the glue that binds a couple together
Evolutionary history as a source of motivation focus on what?
behavior humans have in common in spite of vast social and cultural differences
Sir Francis Galton
Nuture vs. nature
Fear
evolved to motivate behavior to escape or avoid
Universals
traits that are found in almost all cultures and societies
Brown
Universal
Orgasm
an incentive and reinforcer for sexual intercourse
Reagan 1998 2000
features that define romantic love-rate of sexual desire and passion
Point of natural selection
ensure survival and longevity
Short term cooperation
required for sexual intercourse that leads to conception
Long term cooperation
necessary for care of any infants
3 features/characteristics that make a face attractive
symmetrical, sexual dimorphism, facial configurations
Rhodes
Face attractiveness has average lip, eye and nose size
Jokela
number of offspring is associate with the degree of attractiveness
Zebrowitz and Rhodes
physical appearance suggest the possibility of bad genes. -genes that signal potential disease and low inttellgence
Universality of beauty and health
People agree who is beautiful and who is not within their culture.
Three reasons for universality of beauty and health
People agree who is beautiful and not within their culture. 2 agree on standards of beauty for faces in cultures other then their own. 3 people agree on the degree of attractiveness among children
Parental investment for women
carry child 38 weeks.
What a women looks for in a long term mate
ambition and industriousness resourses and committment good financial prospects
What a man looks for in a long term mate
Young and good looks - they are considered signs of health and fertility
Three mate value characteristics
ambitious- good financial- good looks
Biosocial theory
stresses interaction between social experiences and the evolved sex difference of strength and reproductive capacity.
Wood and eagly
biological sex differences in strength and reproductive capacity interact with societal expectations that men should have greater power and status while women should accommodate to a lesser role.
BBC british broadasting coporation
survey regarding rating of physical and mental traits
Real fear define
the interaction between evolutionary history and personal histery with dangerous stimuli
What did Valentine conclude about fear?
it is an instinct lurking ready to appear when the occasion arises.
Contraprepared behaviors
are one that occcure with difficulty and only after much experience.
Omnivorous
Able to eat a variety of foods.
Food neophobia
tendency to avoid novel foods and prefer familiar foods.
Neophobic
not willing to try new food
Neophilics
willing to try new food
Entrainment
refers to body movements that synchronize with an external auditory beat
