Chapter 3

Question 1

the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring

Answer 1

heredity

Question 2

the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred

Answer 2

dominant trait

Question 3

a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred

Answer 3

recessive trait

Question 4

one set of instructions for an inherited trait

Answer 4

gene

Question 5

one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color

Answer 5

allele

Question 6

an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic

Answer 6

phenotype

Question 7

the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one more specific traits

Answer 7

genotype

Question 8

the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event

Answer 8

probability

Question 9

one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

Answer 9

sex chromosomes

Question 10

a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of family

Answer 10

padigree