Chapter 1 Flashcards
in biology, the smallest unit that cal perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm
cell
a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment
cell membrane
one of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function
organelle
in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction
nucleus
an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus
prokaryotic
an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaebacteria or eubacteria
eukaryote
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
cell wall
cell organelle composed of RNA and proteins; the site of protein synthesis
ribosomes
a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
endoplasmic reticulum
in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the size cellular respiration
mitochondrion
cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
Golgi complex
a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
vesicle
a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
lysosomes
a group of smaller cells that perform a common function
tissue
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
organ
