Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

in biology, the smallest unit that cal perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm

A

cell

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2
Q

a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment

A

cell membrane

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3
Q

one of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function

A

organelle

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4
Q

in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction

A

nucleus

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5
Q

an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus

A

prokaryotic

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6
Q

an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaebacteria or eubacteria

A

eukaryote

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7
Q

a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell

A

cell wall

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8
Q

cell organelle composed of RNA and proteins; the site of protein synthesis

A

ribosomes

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9
Q

a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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10
Q

in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the size cellular respiration

A

mitochondrion

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11
Q

cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell

A

Golgi complex

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12
Q

a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell

A

vesicle

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13
Q

a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes

A

lysosomes

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14
Q

a group of smaller cells that perform a common function

A

tissue

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15
Q

a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

A

organ

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16
Q

a group of organs that work together to perform body functions

A

organ system

17
Q

a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently

A

organism

18
Q

the arrangement of parts in an organism

A

structure

19
Q

the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part

A

function