Chapter 3 Flashcards
Franz Ferdinand Habsburg
Arch Duke of Austra-Hungary, assassinated by terrorist in Bosnia
Gavrilo Princip
19 year old assassin who killed the Duke. Died of tuberculosis in prison
Arthur Zimmermann
Foreign Minister of Germany
Bernard Baruch
Leader of the War Industries Board
Herbert C. Hoover
Head of Food Administration Agency
Wanted americans to not eat bread and meat just 1 day a week
Told Americans to grow their own gardens
Richard Schenck
German-American who was charged with sedition for telling people to get out of the draft.
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
Created legal document of clear and present danger
John J. Pershing
Commander of AEF in Europe
Alvin York
Americas greatest WWI hero. From Tennessee, poor farmer, Was “born again”. Captures 300 germans. Awarded Medal of honor
David Lloyd George
Prime minister of U.K
wanted to punish Germany and was at the treaty of Versailles
Georges Clemenceau
Prime minister of France
Wanted to punish Germany
Was at treaty of Versailles
Vittorio Orlando
prime minister of Italy, at treaty of versailles, eventually leaves because he got fed up
Henry Cabot Lodge
Leader of Reservationist senate (people who will vote for treaty)
Republican senator from Mass.
Triple Alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente
UK, France, Russia
Staying neutral and out of other countries wars
neutrality
People who don’t want their country to get involved with foreign affairs
isolationists
espionage
Legal term for spying
Deliberate destruction of war materials
sabotage
Organized attempt to influence public opinion, not always true
propaganda
doughboys
Soldiers in WWI
Area between trenches that soldiers rarely survived in.
no-man’s land
Cease fire that ended WWI. Nov. 11 War ended on teh 11th day on the 11th hour in the 11th month
armistice
Payments by a nation to another group of others as compensation for war damages
reparations
Fourteen Points
Going to be a league of nations
Woodrow Wilsons list of proposals for creating a just and lasting peace
Sarajevo
Capital of Bosnia
HMS Lusitania (Ship)
British Cruise Ship from NY to London. German submarines fires torpedoes and sinks in under twenty minutes. Sailing on the coast of Ireland
Treaty of Versailles
Harsh treat
Germans have no say
Wilson wants to create peace with treaty
Really angered Germany
Selective Service Act
Draft because we needed 4 million men in the military
Sedition Act
Punish Americans that interfere with the war
Causes of World War I (3)
Imperialism, Nationalism, Military Alliances
Weapons invented, perfected, or first used during WWI (6)
- Airplanes
- Submarines
- Tanks
- Machine Guns
- Poisoned Gas
- Flame thrower
Did most Americans support Wilson’s decision to remain neutral? Did they sympathize with either side?
Yes, most supported the decision. They wanted Britain to win
Main reason the United States declared war on Germany
Andrew Zimmerman caused Germany and Mexico to start conspiring to divide up our country. He sent a telegraph and the UK showed the US.
Method used by the U.S. to pay most of the war’s costs
Selling bonds
Functions of the War Industries Board (4)
- manufacturing companies switch over from consumer to military production
- Allocate raw materials
- ensure goods are produced in correct quantities
- people encouraged to collect scrap metal
Ways in which Americans were asked to conserve food and fuel (4)
- One day a week dont eat bread
- One day a week dont eat meat
- Grow your own vegetables
- Dont heat your house one day a week
Women in the workplace during and after the war
Women took mens jobs (factories, mail carriers, barbers)
When men came home they took their jobs back but women didnt want to become housewives again
Women in the U.S. military?
Only allowed in the Navy
Reason why thousands of African-Americans moved north during the war
Racism, and because all the well paying factories were in the north.
Unfortunate treatment of Germans and German-Americans during the war
Schools refused to teach German Wouldnt play german composer music Took germen authors off book shelves changed name of germen foods German Americans lost jobs and got beat up
Reasons why the German people resented the treaty that ended the war (4)
- Germany has to take responsibility for the war
- Germany had to pay for the war
- Colonies taken away from German by British/Americans
- Part of their properties are taken
Reason why Wilson did not compromise and make changes to the treaty
Thought it was the best we could to and had to stick to to
Couldn’t make changes on own needed consent of British, French, Italians, which he wouldn’t have gotten
