Chapter 3 Flashcards
Anonymity
A way of protecting research paricipants in that the data collected from them does not identify them in any way
Autonomy
A Belmon Report principle that research participants should be treated with respect
Belmont report
A report which outlines autonomy, beneficence and justice, covering research with human subjects
Beneficence
A Belmont Report principle that human subjects research should maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harm to participants
Categorical imperative
A behavior is valid if one is willing to see it applied as a universal rule
Common rule
The Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects. Shared standards adopted by federal agencies for the protection of human research subjects
Confederates
Participants in a study who have been briefed by the researcher to behave in a particular way
Confidentiality
The assurance given to research participants that the researcher will not release any information that will identify them
Debriefing
The process of ensuring that research participants receive a follow-up explanation of the research when it is completed
Declaration of Helsinki
The World Medical Association’s international ethical guidelines for medical professionals researching human subjects
Informed consent
The process by which potential research participants are informed of the nature of the research and given the opportunity to sign or not sign a voluntary agreement to participate
Institutional review board
A panel established to review research proposals for their on human participants
Judeo-Christian Ethic
The perception of not doing to other what you would not want done to yourself
Justice
A Belmont Report principle that the benefits and risks of research should be distributed fairly
Nuremberg Code
An international code emphasizing that research subjects must consent to the research in which they are involved and that the benefits of the research must outweigh the risks
Peer review
The process of having one’s research reviewed by other researchers in the author’s field prior to publication
Principle of utilitarianism
The principle of the greatest good for the greatest number
Proprietary
Pertaining to data or research tools that are privately owned and therefore may not be used without the owner’s permission
Search engine
A device such as Google or Yahoo that retrieves information from the web
Subjects
Individuals who participate in an experiment
Unobtrusive measures
Observations of people’s behaviour without them being aware of such observation
Veil of ingnorance
We take a dispassionate approach, reviewing all sides of a decision equally. We are asked to wear a veil that blinds us to all information about ourselves that might could our judgment
