chapter 3 Flashcards
By the time young adults reach their early 20s, growth levels off and the body achieves a state of _
homeostasis
early years:
middle years:
older years:
oldest years:
- 20s and 30s
- 40s and 50s
- 60s, 70s, and 80s
- 80s and 90s
_ is a gradual process that reflects the influence of genetics, lifestyle, and-environment over the course of life span
Aging
Beginning around _, the purpose of cell creation changes
30
At _, there are no longer supplying new cells for growth and development, cell metabolism slows down and instead creates new cells to replace old cells
30s
the gastrointestinal tract functions are diminished by reduced production of gastric juices such as _, which results in decreased absorption nutrients.
hydrochlor
Other organ functions that may be altered include
taste and smell, saliva secretions, swallowing difficulties, liver function, and intestinal function
Decreasing the ability to taste salt and sweets is caused by
Decrease taste buds
Organ involved in decreased the ability to taste salt and sweets
tongue and nose
Decrease palatability of food, food intake, taste and smell is caused by
Decrease taste and olfactory nerve endings
organ involved in decreased palatability of food, food intake, taste and smell
tongue and nose
Reduced sense of thirst/dry mouth, difficulty chewing is caused by
Decreased saliva production
organ involved in reduced sense of thirst/dry mouth, difficulty chewing
salivary glands
Minor effects on swallowing (but may progress to dysphagia) is caused by
malfunctioning muscle contractions
organ involved in minor effects on swallowing (but may progress to dysphagia)
esophagus
Dec. Bioavailability of vitamins, minerals, proteins is caused by
Decrease HCL secretion and intrinsic factor
Dec. Absorption of vitamin B12 and folate is caused by
Decreased Pepsin
organ involved in dec. absorption of vitamin B12 and folate
stomach
Dec. drug doses (adjustments possible to avoid overdosing) are caused by
Decrease production of drug metabolizing enzymes
organ involved in dec. drug doses (adjustments possible to avoid overdosing)
liver
effects of aging
- decreased ability to taste salt and sweets
- decreased palatability of food, food intake, taste and smell
- reduced sense of thirst/dry mouth, difficulty chewing
Refers to an overall process of aging that is dependent on attitudes and skills developed over the course of one’s life
productive aging
These attitudes and skills prepare an individual to adapt to the transitions of life and maintain a personal sense of experiencing a productive, meaningful life.
productive aging
meaningful involvement in healthy aging
- keeping active
- volunteering
- keeping to learn
positive mental outlook in healthy aging
- feeling optimistic and hopeful
- being happy
- being joyful
relationships with others for healthy aging
- giving to others
- having friends
- spending time with family
successful ways to promote successful aging
- simplify your life
- pay attention to yourself
- continue to teach, continue to learn
- plan some serious leisure activities
- let yourself laugh and let yourself cry
Many women bear children during these years.
20s and 30s
energy requirement for women
2200 kcal
energy requirement for men
2900
RDA for Protein increases for women from
46 grams to 50 grams
RDA for Protein increases for men from
58 grams to 63 grams daily
Calcium and phosphorous needs for men and women decline after age _ because skeletal growth is almost complete.
18
