Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is ethics?
The knowledge of right and wrong.
What are laws?
Rules set by the government to help people live peacefully together and to ensure order and safety.
What is the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)?
A law passed by the federal government that includes minimum standards for nursing assistant training, staffing requirements, resident assessment instructions, and information on rights for residents.
What is the Minimum Data Set (MDS)?
A detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents in long-term care facilities.
What are Residents’ Rights?
Numerous rights identified in the OBRA law that relate to how residents must be treated while living in a facility; they provide an ethical code of conduct for healthcare workers.
What is informed consent?
The process in which a person, with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions about his or her health care.
What is neglect?
The failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person.
What is active neglect?
The purposeful failure to provide needed care, resulting in harm to a person.
What is passive neglect?
The unintentional failure to provide needed care, resulting in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person.
What is negligence?
Actions, or the failure to act or provide the proper care, that result in unintended injury to a person.
What is malpractice?
Injury to a person due to professional misconduct through negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill.
What is abuse?
Purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone.
What is physical abuse?
Any treatment, intentional or not, that causes harm to a person’s body.
What is psychological abuse?
Emotional harm caused by threatening, scaring, humiliating, intimidating, isolating, or insulting a person, or by treating him or her as a child.
What is verbal abuse?
The use of spoken or written words, pictures, or gestures that threaten, embarrass, or insult a person.
What is assault?
A threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that he or she will be harmed.
What is battery?
The intentional touching of a person without his or her consent.
What is sexual abuse?
The forcing of a person to perform or participate in sexual acts against his or her will; includes unwanted touching, exposing oneself, and sharing pornographic material.
What is financial abuse?
The improper or illegal use of a person’s money, possessions, property, or other assets.
What is domestic violence?
Physical, sexual, or emotional abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family members.
What is workplace violence?
Verbal, physical, or sexual abuse of staff by other staff members, residents or visitors.
What is false imprisonment?
The unlawful restraint of someone that affects the person’s freedom of movement; includes both the threat of being physically restrained and actually being physically restrained.
What is involuntary seclusion?
The separation of a person from others against the person’s will.
What is sexual harassment?
Any unwelcome sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment.
What is substance abuse?
The repeated use of legal or illegal substances in a way that is harmful to oneself or others.
Who are mandated reporters?
People who are legally required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect because they have regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in care facilities.
What is an ombudsman?
A legal advocate for residents in long-term care facilities who helps resolve disputes and settle conflicts.
What is confidentiality?
The legal and ethical principle of keeping information private.
What is protected health information (PHI)?
A person’s private health information, which includes name, address, telephone number, social security number, email address, and medical record number.
What are advance directives?
Legal documents that allow people to decide what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.
What is a living will?
A document that outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case he becomes unable to make those decisions.
What is a durable power of attorney for health care?
A signed, dated, and witnessed legal document that appoints someone else to make the medical decisions for a person in the event he or she becomes unable to do so.
What is a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order?
A medical order that instructs medical professionals not to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event of cardiac or respiratory arrest.
What is Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST)?
A medical order that specifies the treatments a person wishes to receive, not what he wishes to avoid, when he is very ill; decisions are based on conversations between the patient and his healthcare providers.
