chapter 3 Flashcards
Application of a single force of sufficient magnitude to cause injury to a biological tissue
acute loading
directed along the longitudinal axis of a body
axial
Asymmetric loading that produces tension on one side of a body’s longitudinal axis and compression on the other side
bending
point around which body’s weight is equally balanced, no matter how the body is positioned
center of gravity
simultaneous action of more than one of the pure forms of loading
combined loading
pressing or squeezing force directed axially through a body
compression
change in shape
deformation
mass per unit of volume
density
loss of mechanical continuity
failure
push or pull ; product of mass and acceleration
force
sketch that shows a defined system in isolation with all of the force vectors acting on the system
free body diagram
product of force and the time over which the force acts
impulse
tendency of a body to resit a change in its state of motion
inertia
quantity of matter contained in an object
mass
resultant force derived from the composition of two or more forces
net forces
force per unit of area over which a force acts
pressure
repeated application of a subacute load that is usually of relatively low magnitude
repetitive loading
physical quantity that is completely described by its magnitude
scalar
force directed parallel to a surface
shear
weight per unit of volume
specific weight
distribution of force within a body, quantified as force divided by the area over which the force acts
stress
pulling or stretching force directed axially through a body
tension
rotary effect of a force
torque
load-producing twisting of a body around its longitudinal axis
torsionp
physical quantity that posse both magnitude and direction
vector
process of determine a single vector from two or more vectors by vector addition
vector composition
operation that replaces a single vector with two perpendicular vectors such that the vector composition of the two perpendicular vector yields the original vector
vector resolution
amount of three-dimensional space occupied by a body
volume
gravitational force that the earth exerts on a body
weight
point on the load deformation curve past which deformation is permanent
yield point (elastic limit)
