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Radiologic Physics > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of energy ionized matter?

A

High-energy

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2
Q

Who developed the Electromagnetic Theory?

A

James Maxwell

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3
Q

What is the EM Theory?

A

Electromagnetic radiation is an electric and magnetic disturbance traveling through space at the speed of light

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4
Q

All of the spectrum travels at the:

A

Speed of Light
3x10^8 m/s
186,000 miles/s

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5
Q

How is frequency, energy, and wavelength related?

A

Low energy, low frequency, long wavelength

High energy, high frequency, short wavelength

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6
Q

How is frequency measured?

A

Hertz

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7
Q

How is wavelength measured?

A

Meters

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8
Q

How is the energy of EM radiation measured?

A

eV

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9
Q

How do the electric field and magnetic field line up with each other?

A

90 degree right angle sine waves

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10
Q

EM can exist without:

A

Matter/medium

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11
Q

Equation to figure out energy

A

E=hf

h = planck’s constant
f = frequency

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12
Q

Planck’s constant

A

6.626 x 10^-34 J/sec
4.135 x 10^-15 eV/sec

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13
Q

What is Wave-Particle Duality?

A

EM Radiation can act either as a particle or a wave depending on its energy

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14
Q

What is Amplitude?

A

Max height of wave

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15
Q

What is Wavelength?

A

Wave distance from peak to peak

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16
Q

What is Frequency?

A

How many waves pass in a certain time period

17
Q

Equation for velocity

A

Velocity = frequency x wavelength

V is replaced with C; the constant for SOL

18
Q

Inverse square law can be used for:

A

Luminosity
Intensity of radiation

19
Q

How many cycles per second is the AC sine wave?

A

60 cycles per second (120 pulses)

20
Q

1 Hz is equal to:

A

1 cycle per second (2 pulses)

21
Q

How is high-energy radiation different than low-energy?

A

Ability to ionize matter

22
Q

What is the most natuarally occurring radioactive gas?

A

Radon

23
Q

What are examples of non-ionizing radiation?

A

Microwaves, infared, radiowaves, visible light, UV light

24
Q

What type of radiation is used for Nuclear medicine and Radiation Therapy?

A

Alpha and Beta Radiation

25
Q

What is Radioactivity?

A

An atom with excess energy gets rid of it to try to stabilize

26
Q

What is half-life?

A

The amount of time it takes the radioactive element to rid itself of half of its original amount

27
Q

What makes up an Alpha particle?

A

2 protons and 2 neutrons (positive particle)

28
Q

What is a Beta particle?

A

Particle emitted from the unstable nucleus; can have a negative or positive charge

29
Q

A positive Beta particle is called a:

A

Positron

30
Q

X-rays are considered what type of line and threshold?

A

Linear and Non-threshold - any amount past zero is bad

31
Q

What are the 3 different types of lines?

A

Linear - straight
1 curve - curvilinear
2 curves - sigmoidal

Radiologic Physics (9 decks)

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