Chapter 3

Question 1

Airborne precautions

Answer 1

Must be used in addition or standard precautions for patients known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei

Question 2

Asepsis

Answer 2

A condition of being free of contamination or germs that could cause disease.

Question 3

Aseptic Technique

Answer 3

A Healthcare practice used to reduce the chance of microbial contamination with the goal of protecting patients from infection and preventing the spread of infection.

Question 4

BBP

Answer 4

[Bloodborne Pathogen]

— Any infectious microorganism present in the blood and other body fluids and tissue.

*Can be present even if no symptoms of disease.

Question 5

Biohazard

Answer 5

Anything harmful or potentially harmful to health

Question 6

Biosafety

Answer 6

The application of safety precautions taken to ensure the safe handling of biological substances that pose risk to health.

Question 7

CDC

Answer 7

[Centers for Disease Control And Prevention]

— Developes guidelines and recommends safety precautions to protect Healthcare Workers and others from infection.

Question 8

C. difficile

Answer 8

[Clostridium difficile]

— A type of intestinal bacteria that multiplies when patients are treated with antibiotics, is responsible for mild to very severe GI infections and is the most commonly identified cause of diarrhea in Healthcare settings.

Question 9

Chain of Infection

Answer 9

1.) Infectious Agent: bacteria, fungus, protozoon, rickettsia, virus

2.) Reservoir: animal, human, equipment, food, soil, water

3.) Exit Pathway: blood, exudates, excretions, secretions

4.) Means Of Transmission: airborne, contact, droplet, vector, vehicle

5.) Entry Pathway: body orfices, mucous membranes, broken skin

6.) Susceptible Host: elderly, newborn, acute/chronically ill, immune suppressed, unvaccinated

Question 10

Contact Precautions

Answer 10

Must be used in addition to standard precautions when a patient is known or suspected to be infected or colonized with epidemiologically important microorganisms that can be transmitted by direct contact with the patient or indirect contact with surfaces or patient-care items.

Question 11

Droplet precautions

Answer 11

Must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by droplets, generated when a patient talks, coughs, or sneezes and during certain procedures such as sectioning.

Question 12

Engineering Controls

Answer 12

Devices such as sharps disposal containers and needles which safety features that isolate or remove a bloodborne pathogen hazard from the workplace.

Question 13

EPA

Answer 13

Environmental Protection Agency

– A government agency whose mission is to protect people’s health and the environment by implementing and enforcing environmental laws.

Question 14

Fomites

Answer 14

Inanimate objects (keyboards, pens, phones,door knobs) that can harbor material containing infectious agents