Chapter 3

Question 1

1. A pediatric RN undertakes a study of the effect of low birth weight on infants’ cognitive development. A developmental psychologist collaborates on the study. A second RN helps by recruiting families into the study. A graduate student is asked to give statistical
   advice in analyzing the data. This is an example of what type of study?
   A) Multisite research
   B) Qualitative research
   C) Funded research
   D) Collaborative Research

Answer 1

D) Collaborative Research

Question 2

2. Which term is not used by qualitative
   researchers to refer to people who participate in a study?

A) Informants
B) Key informants
C) Study participants
D) Subjects

Answer 2

D) Subjects

Question 3

3. Which term is used by both qualitative and
   quantitative researchers to refer to the abstractions under study?
   A) Concept
   B) Construct
   C) Phenomenon
   D) Variable

Answer 3

A) Concept

Question 4

4. The RN is reading a research article. The article talks about constructs. Which would most likely be called a construct?
   A) Gender
   B) Body temperature
   C) Uncertainty in illness
   D) Blood type

Answer 4

C) Uncertainty in illness

Question 5

5. What is the dependent variable(s) in the research question “Is the quality of life of
   nursing home residents affected by their functional ability or hearing acuity”?
   A) Quality of life
   B) Functional ability
   C) Hearing acuity
   D) Nursing home residents

Answer 5

A) Quality of life

Question 6

6. What is the independent variable in the hypothesis “Baccalaureate degree prepared nurses will practice more rehabilitative nursing measures on a client in an ICU than will associate degree prepared nurses”?

B) Baccalaureate degree prepared nurses
C) Rehabilitative nursing measures
D) Type of educational background of nurses

Answer 6

D) Type of educational background of nurses

Question 7

7. What is the purpose of an operational
   definition in a quantitative study?
   A) State the theoretical meaning of the concept.
   B) Specify how a variable will be defined and
   measured.
   C) State the expected relationship between the
   variables under investigation.
   D) Designate the conceptual underpinnings of the
   variable.

Answer 7

B) Specify how a variable will be defined and
measured.

Question 8

8. Which is a datum from a quantitative study of
   the labor and delivery experiences of women over age 40?
   A) Length of time in labor
   B) 107 ounces
   C) Infant’s Apgar score
   D) Vaginal versus cesarean delivery

Answer 8

B) 107 ounces

Question 9

9. Which is a datum from a qualitative research
   study on the labor and delivery experiences of women over age 40?
   A) 14.6 hours in labor
   B) 60-minute interviews 1 day after delivery
   C) “It was a lot more painful than I ever
   imagined.”
   D) 15 women with a vaginal delivery

Answer 9

C) “It was a lot more painful than I ever
imagined.”

Question 10

10. Which pair of variables is there most likely to be a relationship that could be described as causal?
    A) Degree of physical activity and heart rate
    B) Stress and coping style
    C) Age and health beliefs
    D) Parity and postpartum depression

Answer 10

A) Degree of physical activity and heart rate

Question 11

11. What is the basic distinction in quantitative
    A) Quantitative and qualitative research
    B) Empirical and nonempirical research
    C) Experimental and nonexperimental research
    D) Population-based and sample-based research

Answer 11

C) Experimental and nonexperimental research

Question 12

12. Which is widely used by quantitative nurse researchers?
    A) Ask research questions
    B) Phenomenological
    C) Ethnographic
    D) Grounded theory

Answer 12

A) Ask research questions

Question 13

13. What is the research tradition that focuses on
    understanding phenomena within a cultural context?
    A) Experimental
    B) Phenomenological
    C) Ethnographic
    D) Grounded theory

Answer 13

C) Ethnographic

Question 14

14. What is the research tradition that is an
    approach to understanding people’s life experiences?
    A) Experimental
    B) Phenomenological
    C) Ethnographic
    D) Grounded theory

Answer 14

B) Phenomenological

Question 15

15. What is the statement of the researcher’s
    expectations or predictions about relationships among study variables?
    A) Hypothesis
    B) Framework
    C) Research question
    D) Conceptual definition

Answer 15

A) Hypothesis

Question 16

16. What is the overall plan for answering the research question?

B) Proposal
C) Problem statement
D) Research design

Answer 16

D) Research design

Question 17

17. What is the aggregate of those to whom a
    researcher wishes to generalize study results called?
    A) Gate keepers
    B) Population
    C) Sample
    D) Consumers

Answer 17

B) Population

Question 18

18. What is the research design in qualitative studies called?
    A) Experimental
    B) Narrative
    C) Interpretive
    D) Emergent

Answer 18

D) Emergent

Question 19

19. Where are registered nurses most likely to
    find research results?
    A) Conference presentations
    B) Journal articles
    C) Books
    D) Dissertations

Answer 19

B) Journal articles

Question 20

20. What is included in the methods section of a study?
    A) Review of the literature.
    B) Names of the statistical tests that are going to be used.
    C) Strategies used to address the problem.
    D) Discussion including recommendations for the research.

Answer 20

C) Strategies used to address the problem.