Chapter 3 Flashcards
what is proactive vs reactive
preventing crime vs punishing crime
who wrote of crimes and punishments
beccaria
when was the enlightenment era
1715 -1789
what did pre-enlightenment era philosophers address
society and justice
who were the pre-enlightenment era philosphers
socrates, plato, aristotle, democritus, epicurus, seneca
who discussed the idea of determinism
democritus
what is hedonism
the natural state of self-interest that guides actions
who discussed the idea of hedonism
hobbes
who suggested the idea of a social contract
hobbes
who said cogito ergo sum
descartes
what is specific deterrence
when someone is punished for committing a crime
what is general deterrence
vicarious experiences, learning through others
what were lockes 2 conditions to punish people
punish must fit the crime and deter others
what did Locke suggest the state of mind is at birth
blank slate
what is the foundation of classical theories
hedonism , free will
who established the 3 branches of government
montesquieu
what are the 3 branches of government
judicial, legislative, excecutive
what were montesqiue’s two destructive forces in society
inequality or extreme equality
who discussed that anythinf not experienced was not real
hume
where can hume’s logic be found today
agnew’s strain thoery
who suggested that inductive reasoning caused falsity`
hume
how did locke differ from hobbes
hobbes believed the government should possess all power
who wrote on the social contract
rousseau
what does deterrence theory hypothesize
certainty severity swiftness
what is key to classical thoeries
humans are rational thinkers
what are the 3 unarticulated propositions of beccaria
rational thinkers, free will , hedonism
what is restrictive deterrance `
crime reduction by heightnened police presence. temporary
what is marginal detterrance
crime severeity proportionate to punishment
who came up with hedonistic calculus
bentham
who came up with rational choice thoery
bentham q
whose ideologies supported cartographic school of crim
guerry qquetelet
what aspects of the world are classical theories based on
biology, psychology
who is coined with inititating the positive era of criminlogy
guerry quetelet
what is positivist thoery
science
does neo-classical criminology place more emphasis on the crime or the offender
offender
who developed routine activity thoery
cohen and felson
