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soc 225 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is proactive vs reactive

A

preventing crime vs punishing crime

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2
Q

who wrote of crimes and punishments

A

beccaria

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3
Q

when was the enlightenment era

A

1715 -1789

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4
Q

what did pre-enlightenment era philosophers address

A

society and justice

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5
Q

who were the pre-enlightenment era philosphers

A

socrates, plato, aristotle, democritus, epicurus, seneca

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6
Q

who discussed the idea of determinism

A

democritus

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7
Q

what is hedonism

A

the natural state of self-interest that guides actions

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8
Q

who discussed the idea of hedonism

A

hobbes

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9
Q

who suggested the idea of a social contract

A

hobbes

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10
Q

who said cogito ergo sum

A

descartes

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11
Q

what is specific deterrence

A

when someone is punished for committing a crime

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12
Q

what is general deterrence

A

vicarious experiences, learning through others

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13
Q

what were lockes 2 conditions to punish people

A

punish must fit the crime and deter others

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14
Q

what did Locke suggest the state of mind is at birth

A

blank slate

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15
Q

what is the foundation of classical theories

A

hedonism , free will

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16
Q

who established the 3 branches of government

A

montesquieu

17
Q

what are the 3 branches of government

A

judicial, legislative, excecutive

18
Q

what were montesqiue’s two destructive forces in society

A

inequality or extreme equality

19
Q

who discussed that anythinf not experienced was not real

A

hume

20
Q

where can hume’s logic be found today

A

agnew’s strain thoery

21
Q

who suggested that inductive reasoning caused falsity`

A

hume

22
Q

how did locke differ from hobbes

A

hobbes believed the government should possess all power

23
Q

who wrote on the social contract

A

rousseau

24
Q

what does deterrence theory hypothesize

A

certainty severity swiftness

25
Q

what is key to classical thoeries

A

humans are rational thinkers

26
Q

what are the 3 unarticulated propositions of beccaria

A

rational thinkers, free will , hedonism

27
Q

what is restrictive deterrance `

A

crime reduction by heightnened police presence. temporary

28
Q

what is marginal detterrance

A

crime severeity proportionate to punishment

29
Q

who came up with hedonistic calculus

A

bentham

30
Q

who came up with rational choice thoery

A

bentham q

31
Q

whose ideologies supported cartographic school of crim

A

guerry qquetelet

32
Q

what aspects of the world are classical theories based on

A

biology, psychology

33
Q

who is coined with inititating the positive era of criminlogy

A

guerry quetelet

34
Q

what is positivist thoery

A

science

35
Q

does neo-classical criminology place more emphasis on the crime or the offender

A

offender

36
Q

who developed routine activity thoery

A

cohen and felson

soc 225 (5 decks)

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