Chapter 2B powerpoint Flashcards
Are carbohydrates considered organic molecules?
Yes
Carbon form what?
Carbon sometimes form 4 covalent bonds with other molecules
what is a covalent bond?
the sharing of one or more electrons
how many organic molecules are there?
there are 4 organic molecules
what are the 4 organic molecules
lipids, proteins,amino acids, and carbohydrates
what is a organic molecule
group of bonded atoms
carbs help our body by?
Providing fuel for out body
Monosaccharides
simple sugars found in carbs
Dissaccharides are made up of
2 monosaccharides
polysaccharides
Long chains of disaccharides
Lipid’s are what?
Insoluble
what does insoluble mean and what type of solvents can lipids be dissolved in?
Non polar solvents
What are triglycerides
where unused calories are stored, they help provide energy for us.
What is a glyceride
a fatty acid
what are four lipids
fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids
what is a role of lipids?
A broad group thats main purpose is to store energy, structure, and signaling
Name and Describe 4 different protein structures.
Primary, linear sequence of aminoacids
Secondary, Coiling sequence structure (twist and turns)
Tertiary, Protein folding upon itself, rapid coiling
Quartniery, 2 or more polypeptide chains creating a complex proteins
What does protein do?
Protein creates 10-30% of the body, it also plays a role in cell structure and has long chains of aminoacids connect by peptide bonds
Enzymes are proteins that?
Act as a catalyst, aiming to speed up chemical reactions
Why do enzymes act as a catalyst?
Our typically react to slow to maintain or sustain life.
enzymes are made up of
proteins?
How do enzymes work?
Binding at the active site, conforming to the shape of the active site in order to break or help the molecules come together.
Describe Nucleic Acids
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA ribonucleic acid.
DNA produces instructions for RNA
RNA regulates the production of proteins. the structure is A.U, C.G
DNA produces what?
instructions for RNA
DNA and RNA stand for?
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA ribonucleic acid
What is the strucute of RNA?What does RNA regulate
AU CG, Proteins
RNA is located within the?
Nucelus
Structural units are nucleotides that
Have pentose sugars and phosphate groups, along with nitrogen bases
What are the five nitrogen bases
Thymine, Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine
What is ATP (include the name and its function
Adenosine Triphosphate, energy used by the cell
