Chapter 2B powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

Are carbohydrates considered organic molecules?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Carbon form what?

A

Carbon sometimes form 4 covalent bonds with other molecules

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3
Q

what is a covalent bond?

A

the sharing of one or more electrons

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4
Q

how many organic molecules are there?

A

there are 4 organic molecules

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5
Q

what are the 4 organic molecules

A

lipids, proteins,amino acids, and carbohydrates

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6
Q

what is a organic molecule

A

group of bonded atoms

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7
Q

carbs help our body by?

A

Providing fuel for out body

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8
Q

Monosaccharides

A

simple sugars found in carbs

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9
Q

Dissaccharides are made up of

A

2 monosaccharides

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10
Q

polysaccharides

A

Long chains of disaccharides

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11
Q

Lipid’s are what?

A

Insoluble

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12
Q

what does insoluble mean and what type of solvents can lipids be dissolved in?

A

Non polar solvents

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13
Q

What are triglycerides

A

where unused calories are stored, they help provide energy for us.

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14
Q

What is a glyceride

A

a fatty acid

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15
Q

what are four lipids

A

fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids

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16
Q

what is a role of lipids?

A

A broad group thats main purpose is to store energy, structure, and signaling

17
Q

Name and Describe 4 different protein structures.

A

Primary, linear sequence of aminoacids
Secondary, Coiling sequence structure (twist and turns)
Tertiary, Protein folding upon itself, rapid coiling
Quartniery, 2 or more polypeptide chains creating a complex proteins

18
Q

What does protein do?

A

Protein creates 10-30% of the body, it also plays a role in cell structure and has long chains of aminoacids connect by peptide bonds

19
Q

Enzymes are proteins that?

A

Act as a catalyst, aiming to speed up chemical reactions

20
Q

Why do enzymes act as a catalyst?

A

Our typically react to slow to maintain or sustain life.

21
Q

enzymes are made up of

22
Q

How do enzymes work?

A

Binding at the active site, conforming to the shape of the active site in order to break or help the molecules come together.

23
Q

Describe Nucleic Acids

A

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA ribonucleic acid.
DNA produces instructions for RNA
RNA regulates the production of proteins. the structure is A.U, C.G

24
Q

DNA produces what?

A

instructions for RNA

25
DNA and RNA stand for?
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA ribonucleic acid
26
What is the strucute of RNA?What does RNA regulate
AU CG, Proteins
27
RNA is located within the?
Nucelus
28
Structural units are nucleotides that
Have pentose sugars and phosphate groups, along with nitrogen bases
29
What are the five nitrogen bases
Thymine, Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine
30
What is ATP (include the name and its function
Adenosine Triphosphate, energy used by the cell